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Metallic nanoparticles for cancer immunotherapy
Materials Today ( IF 21.1 ) Pub Date : 2018-07-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2017.11.022
Emily Reiser Evans 1 , Pallavi Bugga 1 , Vishwaratn Asthana 1 , Rebekah Drezek 2
Affiliation  

Cancer immunotherapy, or the utilization of the body's immune system to attack tumor cells, has gained prominence over the past few decades as a viable cancer treatment strategy. Recently approved immunotherapeutics have conferred remission upon patients with previously bleak outcomes and have expanded the number of tools available to treat cancer. Nanoparticles -including polymeric, liposomal, and metallic formulations - naturally traffic to the spleen and lymph organs and the relevant immune cells therein, making them good candidates for delivery of immunotherapeutic agents. Metallic nanoparticle formulations in particular are advantageous because of their potential for dense surface functionalization and their capability for optical or heat based therapeutic methods. Many research groups have investigated the potential of nanoparticle-mediated delivery platforms to improve the efficacy of immunotherapies. Despite the significant preclinical successes demonstrated by many of these platforms over the last twenty years, few metallic nanoparticles have successfully entered clinical trials with none achieving FDA approval for cancer therapy. In this review, we will discuss preclinical research and clinical trials involving metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) for cancer immunotherapy applications and discuss the potential for clinical translation of MNPs.

中文翻译:

用于癌症免疫治疗的金属纳米粒子

癌症免疫疗法,即利用人体的免疫系统攻击肿瘤细胞,在过去几十年中作为一种可行的癌症治疗策略而受到重视。最近批准的免疫疗法使先前预后不佳的患者得到了缓解,并扩大了可用于治疗癌症的工具的数量。纳米颗粒——包括聚合物、脂质体和金属制剂——自然地运输到脾脏和淋巴器官以及其中的相关免疫细胞,使它们成为免疫治疗剂递送的良好候选者。金属纳米颗粒制剂特别有利,因为它们具有致密表面功能化的潜力以及它们用于基于光学或热的治疗方法的能力。许多研究小组已经研究了纳米颗粒介导的递送平台在提高免疫疗法疗效方面的潜力。尽管这些平台在过去二十年中取得了显着的临床前成功,但很少有金属纳米颗粒成功进入临床试验,而且没有一个获得 FDA 批准用于癌症治疗。在这篇综述中,我们将讨论涉及金属纳米颗粒(MNP)用于癌症免疫治疗应用的临床前研究和临床试验,并讨论 MNP 临床转化的潜力。
更新日期:2018-07-01
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