Marine biopolymer-based nanomaterials are one of the most active research areas in recent decades for theranostic applications. Marine biopolymers are interesting biomaterials for clinical applications because of their good biocompatibility, biodegradability, inexpensiveness, abundance, stability, ease of surface modification, and nontoxic nature. New nanoparticles in development are coated with marine polymers to combine therapeutic and diagnostic (theranostic) applications because of the strongly enhanced absorption and scattering in near-infrared (NIR) regions. In this review, the use of marine biopolymer-based nanomaterials for theranostic applications is evaluated, addressing potential applications in drug delivery, photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), hyperthermia therapy, photoacoustic imaging (PAI), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT). In addition, the most recent progress in the biocompatibility of marine biopolymer-based nanomaterials in vitro and in vivo are discussed, along with a promising future scope for the treatment of major life-threatening diseases such as cancer.

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海洋生物聚合物基纳米材料作为治疗学应用的新型平台

基于海洋生物聚合物的纳米材料是近几十年来治疗学应用最活跃的研究领域之一。海洋生物聚合物由于其良好的生物相容性，生物降解性，廉价，丰度，稳定性，易于表面修饰和无毒性质而成为临床应用中令人关注的生物材料。由于近红外（NIR）区域的吸收和散射大大增强，正在开发的新型纳米颗粒被海洋聚合物包覆，以结合治疗和诊断（热声学）应用。在这篇综述中，评估了基于海洋生物聚合物的纳米材料在治疗中的应用，探讨了药​​物输送，光热疗法（PTT），光动力疗法（PDT），热疗疗法，光声成像（PAI）的潜在应用，磁共振成像（MRI）和计算机断层扫描（CT）。此外，海洋生物聚合物基纳米材料在生物相容性方面的最新进展在体外和体内进行了讨论，以对主要的威胁生命的疾病如癌症的治疗中有希望的未来范围一起。