Background

Infectious diseases are a leading cause of death in humans, animals, and plants globally. Pathogen infections can reduce food production and endanger biodiversity. Viruses, bacteria, and fungi are therefore scientifically and economically important in food production. Even outbreaks of a pathogen infection in plants or animals have direct consequences for the food chain and human health.

Scope and approach

Microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and virus invade plant cells and utilize the host resources for their survival disturbing the plant or animal metabolism leading to diseases. Advance diagnosis and effective detection of pathogens, infectious diseases, and other parameters affecting the health of animals and plants in agro-defense will assist in reducing financial costs, increasing food production, and improving the global economy. In this article, common pathogens and infectious diseases in animals and plants, along with the point-of-care technologies that address them, are reviewed.

Key findings and conclusions

The synthesis and discovery of novel nanomaterials and the fabrication of highly specific and sensitive biosensors have expanded the scope for effective agro-defense biosensors. Progress in biosensor development and the existing challenges are reviewed to provide future directions in this field.

中文翻译：

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农业防卫：用于健康农作物和动物食品的生物传感器

背景

传染病是全球人类，动物和植物死亡的主要原因。病原体感染会减少粮食生产并危及生物多样性。因此，病毒，细菌和真菌在食品生产中具有重要的科学和经济意义。甚至在植物或动物中爆发病原体感染也直接影响食物链和人类健康。

范围和方法

诸如细菌，真菌和病毒之类的微生物入侵植物细胞，并利用宿主资源的生存干扰植物或动物的新陈代谢，从而导致疾病。提前诊断和有效检测病原体，传染病以及其他在农业防卫中影响动植物健康的参数，将有助于降低财务成本，增加粮食产量并改善全球经济。在本文中，将对动植物的常见病原体和传染病，以及针对这些病原体的即时医疗技术进行综述。

主要发现和结论

新型纳米材料的合成和发现以及高度特异性和灵敏性的生物传感器的制造，扩大了有效的农业防御生物传感器的范围。对生物传感器开发的进展和现有挑战进行了回顾，以提供该领域的未来方向。