A tunable hydrophobicity, from a fully hydrophobic medium to an amphiphilic quasi-solution, has been obtained in the interlayer space of a synthetic high charged mica by ion exchange reaction with amine cations. The structural and intercalation properties of the hybrids after the exchange with the n-alkylammonium cations: [RNH₃]⁺, [RNH(CH₃)₂]⁺ and [RN(CH₃]₃⁺ with C16 alkyl chain length have been determined by termogravimetric/differential scanning calorimetry analysis (TGA-DSC) and mass spectrometry (MS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been used as a complementary technique to provide new insights into the morphology of the exchanged products. Coverage and cation distribution have been correlated with layer charge and steric effects. Thus, a full organo-clay is obtained when the primary amine cations are adsorbed between the layers. However, a homogenous single phase of mixed organic/inorganic cations is formed in the same interlayer with the tertiary amine cations. Mixed ion clays combining both exchangeable inorganic and adsorbent organic ions in their interlayer space can be potential materials to be used as adsorbents for water decontamination, independently of the hydrophilic/hydrophobic nature of the pollutants. For the quaternary amine cations steric effects preclude the coexistence of both organic and inorganic species in the same interlayer of the clay so phase segregation together with a heterogeneous phase of organic and inorganic galleries in the same particle can be observed.

通过与胺阳离子的离子交换反应，在合成高电荷云母的层间空间中获得了从完全疏水性介质到两亲准溶液的可调疏水性。确定了具有正碳16烷基链长的正烷基铵阳离子：[RNH ₃ ] ⁺，[RNH（CH ₃）₂ ] ⁺和[RN（CH ₃ ] ₃ ⁺）交换后杂化物的结构和嵌入性质。通过termogravimetric /差示扫描量热分析（TGA -DSC）和质谱（MS），X射线衍射（XRD）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）。透射电子显微镜（TEM）已被用作补充技术，以提供有关交换产品形态的新见解。覆盖率和阳离子分布已与层电荷和空间效应相关。因此，当伯胺阳离子吸附在层之间时，获得了全有机粘土。然而，在与叔胺阳离子相同的夹层中形成混合的有机/无机阳离子的均匀单相。在其层间空间中将可交换的无机离子和有机吸附剂结合在一起的混合离子粘土可能是潜在的材料，可用作水净化的吸附剂，而与污染物的亲水/疏水性质无关。