We have previously observed that olfactory stimulation with scents of grapefruit and lavender oils have opposing effects on autonomic neurotransmission and physiological phenomena in rats. Since the suppression and facilitation of activity of the sympathetic nerves innervating the skeletal muscles decreases and increases the skeletal muscle blood flow (skeletal muscle‐BF), respectively, the effects of olfactory stimulation with scent of a grapefruit essential oil (SGFO) and scent of a lavender essential oil (SLVO) on skeletal muscle sympathetic nerve activity (skeletal muscle‐SNA) and skeletal muscle‐BF were examined. SGFO reduced, and SLVO elevated skeletal muscle‐SNA and skeletal muscle‐BF, respectively. Furthermore, 1) anosmic treatment with ZnSO₄ eliminated the changes in skeletal muscle‐SNA due to SGFO and SLVO, 2) diphenhydramine, a histamine H1‐antagonist, eliminated the SGFO‐induced suppression of skeletal muscle‐SNA, and thioperamide, a histamine H3‐antagonist, abolished the SLVO‐induced enhancement of skeletal muscle‐SNA, and 3) butoxamine, an adrenergic β2‐antagonist, blocked the SLVO‐induced increase in skeletal muscle‐BF. These findings suggest that olfactory stimulation with SGFO reduces, and SLVO enhances, skeletal muscle‐BF via these autonomic changes. In addition, the histamine H1‐receptor was found to be involved in the SGFO‐induced suppression of skeletal muscle‐SNA, the H3‐receptor was shown to be concerned to the SLVO‐induced enhancement of skeletal muscle‐SNA, and the adrenergic β2‐receptor was indicated to be implicated in the SLVO‐induced increase in skeletal muscle‐BF via an increase in skeletal muscle‐SNA. These findings suggest that SGFO may suppress, and SLVO may enhance, the muscle recovery from muscle fatigue and the growth of muscles, via changes in autonomic neurotransmission.

中文翻译：

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葡萄柚和薰衣草精油的气味刺激刺激对大鼠骨骼肌交感神经和肌肉血流的影响

我们之前已经观察到，葡萄柚和薰衣草油的气味刺激嗅觉对大鼠自主神经传递和生理现象具有相反的影响。由于抑制和促进支配骨骼肌的交感神经的活动分别减少和增加了骨骼肌的血流量（骨骼肌BF），因此嗅觉刺激与葡萄柚精油（SGFO）和研究了薰衣草精油（SLVO）对骨骼肌交感神经活动（skelement muscle-SNA）和骨骼肌BF的影响。SGFO减少，SLVO分别升高骨骼肌SNA和骨骼肌BF。此外，1）用ZnSO _4进行厌氧处理消除了SGFO和SLVO引起的骨骼肌SNA的变化，2）苯海拉明，一种组胺H1拮抗剂，消除了SGFO诱导的对骨骼肌SNA的抑制作用，硫代过酰胺，一种组胺H3拮抗剂，废除了SLVO引起的。增强骨骼肌SNA，以及3）丁二胺（一种肾上腺素β2拮抗剂）阻止SLVO诱导的骨骼肌BF升高。这些发现表明，通过这些自主性变化，SGFO的嗅觉刺激减少，SLVO增强，骨骼肌BF。此外，还发现组胺H1受体与SGFO诱导的骨骼肌SNA抑制有关，H3受体与SLVO诱导的骨骼肌SNA增强有关，肾上腺素β2受体与SLVO引起的骨骼肌BF增加有关。这些发现表明，SGFO可以通过自主神经传递的变化来抑制肌肉从肌肉疲劳和肌肉生长中恢复，而SLVO可以增强肌肉恢复。