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Inclusion of Biodiversity in Habitat Restoration Policy to Facilitate Ecosystem Recovery
Conservation Letters ( IF 7.7 ) Pub Date : 2017-11-03 , DOI: 10.1111/conl.12419
A. Randall Hughes 1 , Jonathan H. Grabowski 1 , Heather M. Leslie 2 , Steven Scyphers 1 , Susan L. Williams 3
Affiliation  

Maintaining biodiversity is a central tenet of conservation, in part because biodiversity influences ecosystem functions across terrestrial, freshwater, and marine systems. Biodiversity‐ecosystem function relationships have clear relevance for the design of habitat restoration efforts, yet the degree to which biodiversity has been incorporated into restoration practice is unclear. We conducted a review of the published literature on habitat restoration to evaluate this potential science‐practice gap. The number of published restoration studies including the term biodiversity has increased slightly from 1990 to 2015 relative to the broader restoration literature. A greater percentage of empirical restorations, and a higher percentage of those with a biodiversity component, were from terrestrial than freshwater or marine ecosystems. The majority of studies considered biodiversity as a response to restoration rather than incorporating it in the restoration design. In fact, nearly half of the studies in our database that actively transplanted species manipulated only a single target species. Little consideration was given to genetic or trophic diversity despite their documented importance for ecosystem function. Given the limited resources available for and high economic costs associated with habitat restoration projects, we recommend policies that account for biodiversity to bridge this gap and maximize ecosystem function and restoration success.

中文翻译:

将生物多样性纳入生境恢复政策以促进生态系统恢复

维持生物多样性是保护的中心原则,部分原因是生物多样性影响着陆地,淡水和海洋系统的生态系统功能。生物多样性与生态系统功能之间的关系与生境恢复工作的设计具有明显的相关性,但尚不清楚将生物多样性纳入恢复实践的程度。我们对已发表的有关栖息地恢复的文献进行了回顾,以评估这种潜在的科学实践差距。相对于更广泛的恢复文献,从1990年至2015年,包括生物多样性一词在内的已发表的恢复研究数量有所增加。与淡水或海洋生态系统相比,来自陆地的经验恢复的百分比更高,而具有生物多样性成分的经验恢复的百分比更高。大多数研究认为生物多样性是对恢复的回应,而不是将其纳入恢复设计中。实际上,在我们的数据库中,将近一半的关于主动移植物种的研究仅操纵了一个目标物种。尽管遗传或营养多样性对生态系统功能具有重要意义,但很少考虑遗传或营养多样性。鉴于可用的资源有限以及与栖息地恢复项目相关的高昂经济成本,我们建议采取政策解决生物多样性问题,以弥合这一差距并最大程度地发挥生态系统功能和恢复成功的作用。在我们的数据库中,几乎有一半的研究表明,主动移植的物种仅操纵了一个目标物种。尽管遗传或营养多样性对生态系统功能具有重要意义,但很少考虑遗传或营养多样性。鉴于可用的资源有限以及与栖息地恢复项目相关的高昂经济成本,我们建议采取政策解决生物多样性问题,以弥合这一差距并最大程度地发挥生态系统功能和恢复成功的作用。在我们的数据库中,几乎有一半的研究表明,主动移植的物种仅操纵了一个目标物种。尽管遗传或营养多样性对生态系统功能具有重要意义,但很少考虑遗传或营养多样性。鉴于可用的资源有限以及与栖息地恢复项目相关的高昂经济成本,我们建议采取政策解决生物多样性问题,以弥合这一差距并最大程度地发挥生态系统功能和恢复成功的作用。
更新日期:2017-11-03
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