Social considerations in conservation are increasingly recognized as important for successful environmental outcomes. However, social measures lack consistency and may underreport key issues. This article analyzes social indicators and well‐being dimensions used in protected area effectiveness tools, with specific attention to local communities and Indigenous peoples’ contexts. Using the Global Protected Area Management Effectiveness database, we reviewed 2,736 indicators from 38 methodologies applied in over 180 countries. We analyzed: (1) representation of human well‐being dimensions, (2) direction of impacts, and (3) level of neutrality in indicators. We found limited diversity and representation of important well‐being dimensions such as health and governance. While impacts on communities and nature are similarly measured, positive wording is used three times more often than negative, which may unintentionally bias evaluations. We recommend using and developing indicators with greater diversity, increased clarity, and reduced bias to enhance management and policy responses for biodiversity and human well‐being.

中文翻译：

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保护区管理评价中使用的社会指标的全球审查

人们日益认识到，保护方面的社会考虑因素对于成功取得环境成果至关重要。但是，社会措施缺乏一致性，可能会漏报关键问题。本文分析了保护区有效性工具中使用的社会指标和福祉维度，并特别关注了当地社区和原住民的情况。使用全球保护区管理有效性数据库，我们审查了180多个国家/地区采用的38种方法中的2736个指标。我们分析了：（1）人类福祉维度的表示；（2）影响的方向；（3）指标的中性水平。我们发现有限的多样性和重要福祉维度（例如健康和治理）的代表性。虽然对社区和自然的影响也进行了类似的衡量，积极的措词使用的频率是负面的三倍，这可能会无意间使评估产生偏差。我们建议使用和开发具有更大多样性，更清晰和减少偏见的指标，以增强对生物多样性和人类福祉的管理和政策响应。