Three-dimensionally confined semiconductor quantum dots have emerged to be a versatile material system with unique physical properties for a wide range of device applications. With the advances in nanotechnology and material growth techniques for both epitaxial and colloidal quantum dots, recently the research has been shifted largely towards quantum dot based devices for practical applications. In this short review, we have tried to assemble a selection of recent advances in the areas of quantum dots for computing and communications, solid state lighting, photovoltaics, and biomedical applications that highlight the state of the art.

中文翻译：

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半导体量子点

三维受限半导体量子点已成为一种用途广泛的材料系统，具有适用于各种设备应用的独特物理特性。随着用于外延和胶体量子点的纳米技术和材料生长技术的进步，近来的研究已主要转向基于量子点的器件以用于实际应用。在这篇简短的评论中，我们试图汇集量子点领域中的最新进展，这些领域在计算和通信，固态照明，光伏和生物医学应用领域都突显了最先进的技术。