The rapid development of smart electronics has enabled their applications into such fields as portable instruments, wearable electronic devices, implantable medical devices and even assistive biomedical devices. As a result, power requirements of these devices continuously increase to such a degree that currently used batteries can not meet. Recently the heat and mechanical energy available in human daily activities have received increasing attention by researchers as alternatives. This paper looks into the physical mechanisms, materials and devices involved in possible energy harvesting from human motion. Heat and mechanical energy available in human daily activities are summarized to give an overview of the potential of energy harvesting from human motion. In addition, different energy transducing principles are discussed. Moreover, various proposed or demonstrated energy harvesting prototypes related to human motion are reviewed and discussed with respect to their working principles, device structures, implementations and performances. Finally, trends, challenges, applications and future developments of energy harvesting from human motion are discussed.

智能电子产品的快速发展使其能够应用于便携式仪器，可穿戴电子设备，可植入医疗设备甚至辅助生物医学设备等领域。结果，这些设备的功率需求持续增加到当前使用的电池无法满足的程度。最近，人类日常活动中可利用的热能和机械能作为替代品已受到研究人员的越来越多的关注。本文研究了可能从人体运动中收集能量的物理机制，材料和设备。总结了人类日常活动中可利用的热能和机械能，以概述从人体运动中收集能量的潜力。另外，讨论了不同的能量转换原理。而且，审查并讨论了各种与人体运动有关的提议或证明的能量收集原型，并讨论了它们的工作原理，设备结构，实现和性能。最后，讨论了人体运动能量收集的趋势，挑战，应用和未来发展。