This paper aims to analyze the costs associated with the initial transition to the use of hydrogen as a fuel for road transportation in Spain from a double perspective: that of the investor in the required infrastructure, and that of the end-user who will have to pay for the fuel. To this end, different types of hydrogen refueling stations are taken into consideration, as are strategies for production and delivery of the gas. Scenarios of distributed production (at the actual hydrogen fueling stations) and centralized production (at medium or large-sized plants that produce hydrogen that is subsequently delivered to different fueling stations) are contemplated. Hydrogen production systems based on the reforming of fuels and also on the electrolysis of water are analyzed; renewable and non-renewable systems are compared. Lastly, the case of a Spanish city is analyzed from both perspectives. This analysis allows estimation of the magnitude of the gap between fuel cell road vehicles and gasoline vehicles in terms of fuel price for this country.

本文旨在从双重角度分析与使用氢作为西班牙道路运输燃料的最初过渡相关的成本：所需基础设施的投资者成本以及最终用户的成本。支付燃料。为此，考虑到不同类型的加氢站，以及用于生产和输送气体的策略。设想了分布式生产（在实际的氢气加油站）和集中式生产（在产生氢气并随后输送到不同加油站的中型或大型工厂）的场景。分析了基于燃料重整以及基于水电解的制氢系统；比较了可再生和不可再生系统。最后，从两个角度分析了西班牙城市的情况。该分析允许根据该国的燃料价格估计燃料电池公路车辆和汽油车辆之间的差距幅度。