The key principle in resource management is sustainability which consists of operational robustness, attenuation of environmental footprint and socio-economic considerations. Dependence on fossil fuels is unviable due to their continuous depletion all over the world and also the inexperienced greenhouse gas emissions related to their utilization. Therefore, the continuous initiatives geared towards developing various renewable and probably carbon neutral biofuels as energy resources are being taken up. Alternate energy resources such as 1st generation biofuels derived from terrestrial crops like sugarcane, sugar beet, corn and wheat place a colossal stress on global food markets, but this potential food versus fuel conflict is palliated by using sweet sorghum as a bioenergy crop. It can be processed into both biofuel and valuable co-products, thus meeting the various requirements of food, fuel and fodder.

This paper mainly reviewed the technologies for bioethanol production from sweet sorghum, focussing on its potential benefits as feedstock for ethanol production over other substrates and recent advancements to enhance ethanol yield. It also reviewed the advances in pretreatment along with the novel process of ethanol production from sweet sorghum stalks, biogas production from sweet sorghum and environmental cum socio-economic aspects. No doubt, there are outstanding issues related to ethanol production and yield, still sweet sorghum derived bioethanol could progressively substitute a significant proportion of the fossil fuels required to meet the growing energy demand.

资源管理的关键原则是可持续性，它包括运营的稳健性，对环境足迹的减少以及社会经济因素的考虑。由于化石燃料在世界范围内不断消耗，以及与它们的利用有关的温室气体排放经验不足，因此无法依靠化石燃料。因此，随着能源资源的使用，旨在开发各种可再生的，可能是碳中和的生物燃料的连续性举措。诸如蔗糖，甜菜，玉米和小麦等陆生作物衍生的第一代生物燃料等替代能源资源给全球食品市场带来了巨大压力，但是通过使用甜高粱作为生物能源作物可以缓解这种潜在的粮食与燃料冲突。它既可以加工成生物燃料，也可以加工成有价值的副产品，

本文主要回顾了甜高粱生产生物乙醇的技术，重点介绍了其作为乙醇生产原料的潜在益处（超过其他底物）以及提高乙醇产量的最新进展。它还回顾了预处理的进展，以及甜高粱秸秆生产乙醇的新工艺，甜高粱秸秆生产沼气的生产以及环境与社会经济方面的关系。毫无疑问，存在与乙醇生产和产量相关的悬而未决的问题，甜高粱衍生的生物乙醇仍然可以逐步替代满足日益增长的能源需求所需的大量化石燃料。