Substance P (SP) and neurotensin (NT) are neuropeptides isolated in the periphery and in the central nervous system. They are involved in various regulatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract, in the circulatory and respiratory systems, kidney and endocrine system. In addition to the peripheral effects, SP and NT act as neurotransmitters and neuromodulators in the central nervous system, regulating various behavioural actions, such as general and motor activity, pain, food and water intake, anxiety, reward/reinforcement and memory consolidation. In the limbic system SPergic and NTergic pathways, terminals and related receptors have been identified. According to several data of literature and to our recently published results, SP and NT have rewarding/reinforcing effects and facilitate memory consolidation in various limbic regions. In this report evidences are provided about the interaction of these neuropeptides with dopaminergic and acetylcholinergic systems. A hypothesis is presented that rewarding/reinforcing effects of SP and NT develop by modulating the mesencephalic dopaminergic system, while their mnemonic effects are mediated via the mesencephalic dopaminergic and the basal forebrain cholinergic systems.

物质P（SP）和神经降压素（NT）是在外周和中枢神经系统中分离的神经肽。它们参与胃肠道，循环和呼吸系统，肾脏和内分泌系统的各种调节过程。除外围作用外，SP和NT还充当中枢神经系统中的神经递质和神经调节剂，调节各种行为行为，例如一般和运动活动，疼痛，食物和水的摄入，焦虑，奖励/强化和记忆巩固。在边缘系统中，已经确定了SPergic和NTergic途径，末端和相关受体。根据一些文献数据和我们最近发表的结果，SP和NT具有奖励/增强作用，并促进各个边缘区域的记忆巩固。在该报告中，提供了有关这些神经肽与多巴胺能和乙酰胆碱能系统相互作用的证据。提出了一个假设，即SP和NT的奖励/增强作用是通过调节中脑多巴胺能系统而产生的，而它们的记忆作用是通过中脑多巴胺能和基底前脑胆碱能系统介导的。