A Critical Review and Analysis on the Recycling of Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries,ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering

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A Critical Review and Analysis on the Recycling of Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-11 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b03811
Weiguang Lv _{1,

2,

3} , Zhonghang Wang _{1,

3} , Hongbin Cao _{1,

3} , Yong Sun ₄ , Yi Zhang _{1,

3} , Zhi Sun _{1,

3}

Affiliation

Recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has attracted significant attention in recent years due to the increasing demand for corresponding critical metals/materials and growing pressure on the environmental impact of solid waste disposal. A range of investigations have been carried out for recycling spent LIBs to obtain either battery materials or individual compounds. For the effective recovery of materials to be enhanced, physical pretreatment is usually applied to obtain different streams of waste materials ensuring efficient separation for further processing. Subsequently, a metallurgical process is used to extract metals or separate impurities from a specific waste stream so that the recycled materials or compounds can be further prepared by incorporating principles of materials engineering. In this review, the current status of spent LIB recycling is summarized in light of the whole recycling process, especially focusing on the hydrometallurgy. In addition to understanding different hydrometallurgical technologies including acidic leaching, alkaline leaching, chemical precipitation, and solvent extraction, the existing challenges for process optimization during the recycling are critically analyzed. Moreover, the energy consumption of different processes is evaluated and discussed. It is expected that this research could provide a guideline for improving spent LIB recycling, and this topic can be further stimulated for industrial realization.

中文翻译：

废旧锂离子电池回收的严格审查和分析

近年来，由于对相应的关键金属/材料的需求不断增加，以及对固体废物处理的环境影响的压力越来越大，废旧锂离子电池（LIB）的回收已引起了广泛的关注。为了回收用过的LIB以获得电池材料或单个化合物，已经进行了一系列研究。为了有效地提高物料的回收率，通常采用物理预处理来获得不同的废料流，以确保有效分离以进行进一步处理。随后，采用冶金工艺从特定的废物流中提取金属或分离杂质，以便可以通过结合材料工程原理进一步制备回收的材料或化合物。在这篇评论中，从整个回收过程中总结了废旧LIB回收的现状，尤其是湿法冶金。除了了解不同的湿法冶金技术（包括酸性浸出，碱性浸出，化学沉淀和溶剂萃取）以外，还对回收过程中工艺优化面临的挑战进行了严格分析。此外，评估和讨论了不同过程的能耗。可以预期，该研究将为改善用过的LIB回收提供指导，并且可以为工业实现进一步激发这一主题。碱浸，化学沉淀和溶剂萃取，对回收过程中工艺优化的现有挑战进行了严格分析。此外，评估和讨论了不同过程的能耗。可以预期，该研究将为改善用过的LIB回收提供指导，并且可以为工业实现进一步激发这一主题。碱浸，化学沉淀和溶剂萃取，对回收过程中工艺优化的现有挑战进行了严格分析。此外，评估和讨论了不同过程的能耗。可以预期，该研究可以为改善用过的LIB回收提供指导，并且可以为工业实现进一步激发这一话题。

更新日期：2018-01-11

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