Synergistic effects of niobium oxide (Nb₂O₅) on the Ru/Al₂O₃, where the alumina had boehmite phases prepared by sol-gel method with subsequent co-impregnation of bimetallic Ru-Nb, were investigated for an aqueous-phase hydrodeoxygenation (APH) as well as aqueous-phase reforming (APR) reaction of glycerol to form gaseous hydrocarbons and hydrogen with useful liquid-phase glycols such as ethylene and propylene glycols. The promoting effects of the Nb₂O₅ on the prototype Ru/Al₂O₃ were mainly attributed to the stabilized boehmite structures with the help of an incorporation of niobium oxides, which largely increased the catalytic activity and stability through less aggregations of smaller Ru nanoparticles. At an optimal Nb/Ru molar ratio of ∼1, the much smaller Ru nanoparticles were highly dispersed on the Nb-incorporated alumina matrices on the hexa-coordinated Al³⁺ sites selectively even after hydrothermal aqueous-phase reactions. The highly dispersed Ru nanoparticles on the Lewis acid sites of the boehmite phase of Al₂O₃ surfaces showed a facile reducibility and larger metallic Ru surface area with less formations of inactive hard coke precursors. It was mainly originated from the preferential presence of the reduced metallic Ru nanoparticles on the surfaces of the acidic Nb₂O₅-modified boehmite, which can strongly anchor the active Ru metals with their smaller sizes.

研究了氧化铌（Nb ₂ O ₅）对Ru / Al ₂ O _3的协同作用，其中氧化铝具有通过溶胶-凝胶法制备的勃姆石相并随后共浸渍双金属Ru-Nb，用于水相甘油的加氢脱氧（APH）以及水相重整（APR）反应与有用的液相二醇（如乙二醇和丙二醇）形成气态烃和氢。Nb ₂ O ₅对原型Ru / Al ₂ O ₃的促进作用主要归因于掺入铌氧化物的稳定的勃姆石结构，铌氧化物通过较小的Ru纳米颗粒的较少聚集而大大提高了催化活性和稳定性。在最佳的Nb / Ru摩尔比约为1时，即使经过水热水相反应，Ru纳米粒子也选择性地高度分散在六配位Al ³⁺位点上掺有Nb的氧化铝基体上。Al ₂ O ₃勃姆石相的路易斯酸位点上高度分散的Ru纳米颗粒表面显示出易还原性，并且具有较大的金属Ru表面积，并且较少形成无活性的硬焦炭前体。这主要是由于在酸性Nb ₂ O ₅改性勃姆石的表面上优先存在还原的金属Ru纳米颗粒，它可以将较小尺寸的活性Ru金属牢固地锚固。