Diversity makes the financial system more resilient. In addition, there is a diverse investment demand to make the transition to a more sustainable energy system. We need, among others, investment in energy transition, circular resource use, better water management and reducing air pollution. The two are linked. Making the financial system more diverse implies more equity, less debt, more non-bank intermediation and more specialized niche banks giving more relation-based credit. This will arguably also increase the flow of funds and resources to innovative, small-scale, or experimental firms that will drive the sustainability transition. Higher diversity and resilience in financial markets is thus complementary and perhaps even instrumental to engineer the transition to clean energy in the real economy.

多样性使金融体系更具弹性。另外，存在向多样化的投资需求以过渡到更可持续的能源系统。除其他外，我们需要在能源过渡，循环资源使用，更好的水管理和减少空气污染方面进行投资。两者是链接的。使金融体系更加多样化意味着更多的权益，更少的债务，更多的非银行中介以及更多的专业利基银行，它们将提供更多的基于关系的信贷。可以说，这还将增加向创新，小规模或试验性公司的资金和资源流，这将推动可持续性转型。因此，金融市场中更高的多样性和复原力是互补的，甚至可能有助于在实体经济中向清洁能源过渡。