The use of aqueous solutions as solvents in synthetic chemistry is one of the pathways towards more sustainable chemical processes. To increase solubility of reactants in aqueous solutions, surfactants can be used. In particular as a result of detailed kinetic studies involving probe reactions, our current understanding of the reaction environment offered by micelles is good to excellent. However, this understanding does not always translate well to reactions on a synthetic scale because concentrations are typically very different from concentrations used in probe reactions. These high concentrations may lead to changes in aggregate morphologies, in particular where aromatic anions are used in combination with cationic surfactants. An overview of aggregation processes and aggregate morphologies across concentration scales is presented together with a discussion of the resulting effects on reactivity in solutions containing cationic surfactants and (reactive) aromatic anions.

在合成化学中使用水溶液作为溶剂是实现更可持续的化学过程的途径之一。为了增加反应物在水溶液中的溶解度，可以使用表面活性剂。特别是由于涉及探针反应的详细动力学研究的结果，我们目前对胶束提供的反应环境的了解是非常出色的。但是，由于浓度通常与探针反应中使用的浓度差异很大，因此这种理解并不总是能很好地转化为合成规模的反应。这些高浓度可能导致聚集体形态的变化，特别是在芳族阴离子与阳离子表面活性剂结合使用的情况下。