Background

Growing evidence suggests that exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) may disrupt lipid homeostasis and liver function, but data in children are limited.

Objective

We examined the association of prenatal and mid-childhood PFAS exposure with lipids and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in children.

Methods

We studied 682 mother-child pairs from a Boston-area pre-birth cohort. We quantified PFASs in maternal plasma collected in pregnancy (median 9.7 weeks gestation, 1999–2002) and in child plasma collected in mid-childhood (median age 7.7 years, 2007–2010). In mid-childhood we also measured fasting total (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and ALT. We then derived low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) from TC, HDL-C, and TG using the Friedewald formula.

Results

Median (interquartile range, IQR) perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), and perfluorodecanoate (PFDeA) concentrations in child plasma were 6.2 (5.5), 4.3 (3.0), and 0.3 (0.3) ng/mL, respectively. Among girls, higher child PFOS, PFOA, and PFDeA concentrations were associated with detrimental changes in the lipid profile, including higher TC and/or LDL-C [e.g., β per IQR increment in PFOS = 4.0 mg/dL (95% CI: 0.3, 7.8) for TC and 2.6 mg/dL (−0.5, 5.8) for LDL-C]. However, among both boys and girls, higher plasma concentrations of these child PFASs were also associated with higher HDL-C, which predicts better cardiovascular health, and slightly lower ALT, which may indicate better liver function. Prenatal PFAS concentrations were also modestly associated with improved childhood lipid and ALT levels.

Conclusions

Our data suggest that prenatal and mid-childhood PFAS exposure may be associated with modest, but somewhat conflicting changes in the lipid profile and ALT levels in children.

中文翻译：

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生命早期接触全氟和多氟烷基物质以及儿童中期脂质和丙氨酸氨基转移酶的水平

背景

越来越多的证据表明，接触全氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）可能会破坏脂质稳态和肝功能，但儿童的数据有限。

客观的

我们检查了产前和儿童中期PFAS暴露与儿童脂质和丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）水平之间的关系。

方法

我们研究了波士顿地区出生前队列中的682对母子。我们对孕期收集的母体血浆（妊娠中位9.7 周，1999-2002年）和儿童中期收集的儿童血浆（中位年龄7.7 岁，2007-2010年）中的全氟辛烷磺酸进行了定量。在儿童中期，我们还测量了禁食总摄入量（TC），高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C），甘油三酸酯（TG）和ALT。然后，我们使用Friedewald公式从TC，HDL-C和TG导出低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）。

结果

儿童血浆中全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS），全氟辛酸酯（PFOA）和全氟癸酸酯（PFDeA）的中位数（四分位数间距，IQR）浓度分别为6.2（5.5），4.3（3.0）和0.3（0.3）ng / mL。在女孩中，较高的儿童PFOS，PFOA和PFDeA浓度与脂质状况的有害变化有关，包括较高的TC和/或LDL-C（例如，PFOS中每IQR增量的β  =  4.0  mg / dL（95％CI： 0.3、7.8）（适用于TC）和2.6 对于LDL-C为mg / dL（-0.5，5.8）]。但是，在男孩和女孩中，这些儿童PFAS的较高血浆浓度也与较高的HDL-C有关，这预示心血管健康，而ALT稍低，则表明肝功能较好。产前PFAS浓度也与儿童脂质和ALT水平的改善适度相关。

结论

我们的数据表明，产前和儿童中期PFAS暴露可能与儿童脂质分布和ALT水平的适度但有些冲突的变化有关。