Water adsorption on carbonaceous materials has been studied increasingly in the recent years, not only because of its impact on many industrial processes, but also motivated by a desire to understand, at a fundamental level, the distinctive character of directional interactions between water molecules, and between water molecules and other polar groups, such as the functional groups (FGs) at the surfaces of graphene layers. This paper presents an extensive review of recent experimental and theoretical work on water adsorption on various carbonaceous materials, with the aim of gaining a better understanding of how water adsorption in carbonaceous materials relates to the concentration of FGs, their topology (arrangement of the groups) and the structure of the confined space in porous carbons. Arising from this review we are able to propose mechanisms for water adsorption in carbonaceous materials as the adsorbate density increases. The intricate interplay between the roles of FGs and confinement makes adsorption of water on carbon materials very different from that of other simple molecules.

近年来，人们越来越多地研究碳质材料上的水吸附，这不仅是因为其对许多工业过程的影响，而且其动机是希望从根本上理解水分子之间定向相互作用的独特特征，以及在水分子和其他极性基团（例如石墨烯层表面的官能团（FG））之间存在一个键。本文对各种碳质材料上的水吸附进行了最新的实验和理论研究，以期更好地了解碳质材料中的水吸附与FGs浓度之间的关系。，它们的拓扑（基团的排列）和多孔碳中密闭空间的结构。通过这次综述，我们能够提出随着吸附物密度增加而在含碳材料中进行水吸附的机理。FG的作用与封闭之间的错综复杂的相互作用使水在碳材料上的吸附与其他简单分子的吸附非常不同。