Human-Nature nexuses are evident when we evaluate the different contributions of economic systems and ecosystems to human well-being. In this paper, the amount of services for well-being and the effectiveness in producing them has been assessed for the national economy and national ecosystem mosaic of Brazil, in historical series (1981–2011). The emergy methodology has been used as a tool able to evaluate different contributions to well-being on the same basis, thus allowing rightful comparisons. Results show that the monetary value of Nature’s contributions to national welfare is higher than contributions from the economy. Furthermore, ecosystems provide services in a more effective and sustainable way, relying on a lower amount of total resources and using exclusively renewable resources. In addition, Nature’s contributions are almost constant throughout the historical series considered, where services from the economy oscillate, representing a less stable source of well-being. This study confirms results already highlighted at the global and national scales by previous studies, adding a time-series perspective to that. These results inspire a re-consideration of the interactions among the biosphere and the technosphere in order to better address trade-offs between different forms of services.

当我们评估经济系统和生态系统对人类福祉的不同贡献时，人与自然之间的联系就显而易见。本文以历史系列（1981-2011年）对巴西的国民经济和国家生态系统结构进行了评估，以评估福利服务的数量及其生产效率。能值方法已被用作能够在相同基础上评估对幸福感的不同贡献的工具，因此可以进行正确的比较。结果表明，自然对国民福利的贡献的货币价值高于经济贡献。此外，生态系统以更有效和可持续的方式提供服务，依靠更少的总资源量并仅使用可再生资源。此外，在所考虑的历史系列中，自然的贡献几乎是恒定不变的，在此系列中，来自经济的服务在波动，这代表着人类福祉的不稳定。这项研究证实了先前研究已经在全球和国家范围内强调的结果，并为此增加了时间序列的观点。这些结果激发了对生物圈和技术圈之间相互作用的重新考虑，以便更好地解决不同形式的服务之间的权衡问题。