The economic benefit realized from energy storage units on the electric grid is linked to the control policy selected to govern grid operations. Thus, the optimal sizing and placement (OSP) of such units is also dependent on the operating policy of the power network. In this work, we first introduce economic model predictive control (EMPC) as a viable economic dispatch policy for transmission networks with energy storage. However, the numeric basis of EMPC makes it ill-suited for the OSP problem. In contrast, the method of economic linear optimal control (ELOC) can be easily adapted to the OSP problem. However, the relaxation of point-wise-in-time constraints, inherent to ELOC, will introduce a systematic underestimation of operating costs. Thus, we introduce a 2-step OSP algorithm that begins with the ELOC-based approach to determine the placement of energy storage units. Then, an EMPC-based gradient search is used to determine optimal sizes.

从电网上的储能单元实现的经济利益与为控制电网运行而选择的控制策略有关。因此，这种单元的最佳尺寸和布置（OSP）也取决于电网的运行策略。在这项工作中，我们首先介绍经济模型预测控制（EMPC）作为具有能量存储的传输网络的可行经济调度策略。但是，EMPC的数字基础使其不适用于OSP问题。相反，经济线性最优控制（ELOC）的方法可以轻松地适应OSP问题。但是，放宽ELOC固有的时间点约束会导致系统地低估运营成本。因此，我们介绍了一种两步式OSP算法，该算法从基于ELOC的方法开始确定储能单元的位置。然后，基于EMPC的梯度搜索用于确定最佳大小。