Models of chemical reaction systems can be complex as they need to include information regarding the reactions and the mass and heat transfers. The commonly used state variables, namely, concentrations and temperatures, express the interplay between many phenomena. As a consequence, each state variable is affected by several rate processes. On the other hand, it is well known that it is possible to partition the state space into a reaction invariant subspace and its orthogonal complement using a linear transformation involving the reaction stoichiometry. This paper uses a more sophisticated linear transformation to partition the state space into various subspaces, each one linked to a single rate process such as a particular reaction, mass transfer or heat transfer. The implications of this partitioning are discussed with respect to several applications related to data reconciliation, state and rate estimation, modeling, identification, control and optimization of reaction systems.

化学反应系统的模型可能很复杂，因为它们需要包含有关反应以及质量和热传递的信息。常用的状态变量，即浓度和温度，表示许多现象之间的相互作用。结果，每个状态变量都受到几个速率过程的影响。另一方面，众所周知的是，可以使用涉及反应化学计量的线性变换将状态空间划分为反应不变子空间及其正交互补。本文使用更复杂的线性变换将状态空间划分为多个子空间，每个子空间都与单个速率过程（例如特定的反应，传质或传热）相关联。