Abstract Scanning macro X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF) was evaluated as a means for the non-invasive study of two paintings to investigate their authenticity. The first painting, a still-life attributed to the 17th century Spanish painter Francisco de Zurbaran, was analysed both with point XRF analyses and MA-XRF. MA-XRF analyses facilitated the interpretation of the results, revealed a hidden painting and gave a clear answer on the question of authenticity. The second painting, attributed to the workshop or school of Pieter Paul Rubens, was investigated by MA-XRF alone. This revealed a hidden stamp of a canvas manufactory, which situated the painting a few hundred years later than originally supposed. In this last case MA-XRF results were supported by X-radiography and infrared reflectography (IRR). A brief comparison was made between MA-XRF and these traditional scientific imaging techniques, which were not able to detect the stamp. Moreover, it is suggested that in certain cases where for budgetary reasons X-radiographs cannot be made, MA-XRF images can sometimes suffice.

中文翻译：

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宏观 X 射线荧光扫描 (MA-XRF) 作为绘画鉴定的工具

摘要 扫描宏观 X 射线荧光 (MA-XRF) 被评估为对两幅画作非侵入性研究以调查其真实性的一种手段。第一幅画是 17 世纪西班牙画家弗朗西斯科·德·祖巴兰 (Francisco de Zurbaran) 的静物画，通过点 XRF 分析和 MA-XRF 进行了分析。MA-XRF 分析促进了对结果的解释，揭示了一幅隐藏的画作，并就真实性问题给出了明确的答案。第二幅画，归因于彼得保罗鲁本斯的工作室或学校，由 MA-XRF 单独调查。这揭示了一个帆布制造厂的隐藏印章，这幅画的位置比原先假设的晚了几百年。在最后一种情况下，MA-XRF 结果得到 X 射线照相术和红外反射术 (IRR) 的支持。对 MA-XRF 和这些无法检测邮票的传统科学成像技术进行了简要比较。此外，建议在某些由于预算原因无法制作 X 射线照片的情况下，MA-XRF 图像有时就足够了。