Abstract During the Middle Neolithic (between 5000 and 4500 cal. BCE) the Serra d'Alto Culture was particularly widespread in Matera's territory and in Apulia region. Serra d'Alto pottery wares consist both of a very fine yellow paste—called figuline—decorated with patterns in black, and of a medium/coarse paste. In this paper, the X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analyses of 102 samples of black painted decorated figuline pottery are reported. We analyzed sherds from six archaeological sites of Matera's area: Serra d'Alto, Trasano, Setteponti, Tirlecchia and Pipistrelli's cave, and Funeraria cave. The results show that a black pigment based on manganese has been used for the decoration of each of the Serra d'Alto samples. The exclusive presence of this material suggests a deliberate technological choice and defines a regular characteristic of Serra d'Alto pottery manufacturing. This study is part of an interdisciplinary project on painted pottery in the central and southern Italy, from Early to the Middle Neolithic period.

中文翻译：

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分析 Serra d'Alto 小雕像（意大利马泰拉）：使用 XRF 表征深色装饰

摘要 在新石器时代中期（公元前 5000 至 4500 卡路里之间），Serra d'Alto 文化在马泰拉领土和普利亚地区尤为普遍。Serra d'Alto 陶器由非常细的黄色糊状物（称为雕像）和黑色图案装饰，以及中等/粗糊状物组成。在本文中，报告了 102 个黑色彩绘装饰雕像陶器样品的 X 射线荧光 (XRF) 分析。我们分析了马泰拉地区六个考古遗址的碎片：Serra d'Alto、Trasano、Setteponti、Tirlecchia 和 Pipistrelli 的洞穴，以及 Funeraria 洞穴。结果表明，基于锰的黑色颜料已用于装饰每个 Serra d'Alto 样品。这种材料的独特存在表明了一种深思熟虑的技术选择，并定义了 Serra d'Alto 陶器制造的常规特征。这项研究是意大利中部和南部从新石器时代早期到中期彩陶跨学科项目的一部分。