Actin is a profoundly influential protein; it impacts, among other processes, membrane morphology, cellular motility, and vesicle transport. Actin can polymerize into long filaments that push on membranes and provide support for intracellular transport. Actin filaments have polar ends: the fast-growing (barbed) end and the slow-growing (pointed) end. Depolymerization from the pointed end supplies monomers for further polymerization at the barbed end. Tropomodulins (Tmods) cap pointed ends by binding onto actin and tropomyosins (Tpms). Tmods and Tpms have been shown to regulate many cellular processes; however, very few studies have investigated their joint role in the nervous system. Recent data directly indicate that they can modulate neuronal morphology. Additional studies suggest that Tmod and Tpm impact molecular processes influential in synaptic signaling. To facilitate future research regarding their joint role in actin regulation in the nervous system, we will comprehensively discuss Tpm and Tmod and their known functions within molecular systems that influence neuronal development.

肌动蛋白是一种具有深远影响力的蛋白质。除其他过程外，它影响膜的形态，细胞运动性和囊泡运输。肌动蛋白可以聚合成长丝，推动细胞膜并为细胞内运输提供支持。肌动蛋白丝具有极性末端：快速增长（带刺）末端和慢速增长（尖头）末端。从尖端解聚可提供单体，以在带刺端进一步聚合。营养调节蛋白（Tmods）通过结合到肌动蛋白和原肌球蛋白（Tpms）上来保护末端。Tmods和Tpms已被证明可以调节许多细胞过程。然而，很少有研究调查它们在神经系统中的联合作用。最近的数据直接表明它们可以调节神经元形态。其他研究表明，Tmod和Tpm影响在突触信号传导中具有影响力的分子过程。为了促进有关它们在神经系统中肌动蛋白调节中的联合作用的未来研究，我们将全面讨论Tpm和Tmod及其在影响神经元发育的分子系统中的已知功能。