Summary Rainfall is one of the most crucial processes in hydrology, and the direct and indirect rainfall measurement methods are constantly being updated and improved. The standard instrument used to measure rainfall rate and accumulation is the rain gauge, which provides direct observations. Though the small dimension of the orifice allows rain gauges to be installed anywhere, it also causes errors due to the splash and wind effects. To investigate the role of the orifice dimension, this study, for the first time, introduces and demonstrates an apparatus for observing rainfall called a giant-rain gauge that is characterised by a collecting surface of 100 m 2 . To discuss the new instrument and its technical details, a preliminary analysis of 26 rainfall events is provided. The results suggest that there are significant differences between the standard and proposed rain gauges. Specifically, major discrepancies are evident for low time aggregation scale (5, 10, and 15 min) and for high rainfall intensity values.

中文翻译：

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100平方米雨量计的描述和初步结果

总结 降雨是水文学中最关键的过程之一，直接和间接降雨测量方法也在不断更新和完善。用于测量降雨率和累积的标准仪器是雨量计，它提供直接观测。虽然孔口的小尺寸允许雨量计安装在任何地方，但由于飞溅和风的影响，它也会导致误差。为了研究孔口尺寸的作用，本研究首次介绍并展示了一种观测降雨的装置，称为巨型雨量计，其特点是集水面为 100 m 2 。为了讨论新仪器及其技术细节，提供了对 26 次降雨事件的初步分析。结果表明，标准和建议的雨量计之间存在显着差异。具体而言，低时间聚集尺度（5、10 和 15 分钟）和高降雨强度值的主要差异是明显的。