Abstract Social impact assessment (SIA) is well-established but uses conventional approaches that have become less effective in recent decades, particularly in relation to declining survey response rates and a lack of youth engagement. Images from digital archives and social media sources are poised to advance the research and practice of SIA by transcending text-based methods with insights into changing landscapes, and human engagement with them. This viewpoint describes progress, challenges and cautions toward the development of such tools (defined as culturomics), using hydroelectricity cases to illustrate potential approaches. These tools build on foundational work in a range of disciplines, including the humanities and computer science. We describe necessary advances in machine learning, image digitization, and data aggregation and visualization techniques, as well as ways to ensure that such tools are carefully tested, applied and interpreted. Challenges include the automation, acquisition and management of datasets, and using these tools appropriately and equitably. Critically, culturomics of any kind must not be used as a replacement for engagement with people, but as complementary to inclusive stakeholder engagement.

中文翻译：

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用于社会影响评估的数字档案、大数据和基于图像的文化组学：机遇与挑战

摘要 社会影响评估 (SIA) 是完善的，但使用的传统方法在近几十年来变得不那么有效，特别是在调查响应率下降和缺乏青年参与方面。来自数字档案和社交媒体资源的图像有望通过超越基于文本的方法，深入了解不断变化的景观以及人类与它们的互动，推动 SIA 的研究和实践。该观点描述了此类工具（定义为文化组学）开发的进展、挑战和注意事项，并使用水电案例来说明潜在的方法。这些工具建立在一系列学科的基础工作之上，包括人文科学和计算机科学。我们描述了机器学习、图像数字化、和数据聚合和可视化技术，以及确保这些工具经过仔细测试、应用和解释的方法。挑战包括数据集的自动化、获取和管理，以及适当和公平地使用这些工具。至关重要的是，任何类型的文化组学都不能替代与人的接触，而是作为包容性利益相关者参与的补充。