Abstract Decarbonising the European economy is a long-term goal in which the residential sector will play a significant role. Smart buildings for energy management are one means of decarbonisation, by reducing energy consumption and related emissions. This study investigated the environmental impacts of smart house automation using life cycle impact assessment. The ReCiPe method was selected for use, in combination with dynamic emissions factors for electricity in Finland. The results indicated that a high level of technology deployment may be counter-effective, due to high electricity consumption by the sensor network, automation system and computing devices. The results also indicated that number of inhabitants per household directly affected the environmental impacts of home automation. A single-person household saw its environmental impacts increase by 15%, while those of a five-person household increased by 3% in the worst-case scenario. The manufacturing phase contributed the major share of environmental impacts, exceeding the use phase in multiple categories. These findings indicate that finding the sweet spot in which technology can promote decarbonisation will be crucial to achieving the goal of a low‑carbon economy.

中文翻译：

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使用芬兰电力的动态排放因子对家庭能源管理系统 (HEMS) 进行生命周期影响评估

摘要 欧洲经济脱碳是一个长期目标，住宅部门将在其中发挥重要作用。通过减少能源消耗和相关排放，用于能源管理的智能建筑是脱碳的一种手段。本研究使用生命周期影响评估来调查智能家居自动化对环境的影响。选择使用 ReCiPe 方法，并结合芬兰电力的动态排放因子。结果表明，由于传感器网络、自动化系统和计算设备的高耗电量，高水​​平的技术部署可能会适得其反。结果还表明，每户居民的数量直接影响家庭自动化对环境的影响。在最坏的情况下，一个单人家庭的环境影响增加了 15%，而一个五人家庭的环境影响增加了 3%。制造阶段贡献了环境影响的主要部分，在多个类别中超过了使用阶段。这些发现表明，找到技术可以促进脱碳的最佳点对于实现低碳经济的目标至关重要。