Abstract Large projects are often controversial projects, with wide ranging implications for host localities. Energy projects, including windfarms, nuclear power stations, and the more recent cases of fracking and nuclear waste geological disposal, provide particularly high profile cases. In response to concern there has been the emergence of a whole family of new procedures, processes and methods for their assessment and management, including the advent of Community Benefit Agreements (CBAs). This article examines some of the critical issues around the increasing use of such agreements, including: their justification, relationship to the planning process, scale of benefits (which can be very large), types of benefits, and their management and distribution. The focus is on emerging UK practice in relation to energy projects, but there will also be reference to some relevant practice elsewhere—especially in the EU and North America.

中文翻译：

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大型能源项目和社区福利协议——来自英国的一些经验

摘要 大型项目往往是有争议的项目，对所在地区有着广泛的影响。能源项目，包括风电场、核电站，以及最近的水力压裂和核废料地质处置案例，提供了特别引人注目的案例。为了回应人们的担忧，出现了一整套新的程序、流程和方法来评估和管理，包括社区福利协议 (CBA) 的出现。本文探讨了围绕此类协议越来越多地使用的一些关键问题，包括：其理由、与规划过程的关系、收益规模（可能非常大）、收益类型及其管理和分配。重点是英国与能源项目相关的新兴实践，