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Images and chocolate stimuli affect physiological and affective responses of consumers: A cross-cultural study
Food Quality and Preference ( IF 4.9 ) Pub Date : 2018-04-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2017.11.010
Damir Dennis Torrico , Sigfredo Fuentes , Claudia Gonzalez Viejo , Hollis Ashman , Nadeesha M. Gunaratne , Thejani M. Gunaratne , Frank R. Dunshea

Abstract Sensory evaluation relies on explicit responses from consumers. Unconscious responses may complement the information regarding the emotional states of consumers. In this study, physiological, facial expression and sensory/emotional responses to different visual (images) and chocolate stimuli were evaluated using two groups (participants with Asian and Western backgrounds). Panellists (N = 60; 60% Asian-background and 40% Western-background) evaluated 15 images (5-positive/5-neutral/5-negative) and 4 chocolate samples (milk/60%-cocoa/70%-cocoa/candy-inclusions). Consumers assessed their emotions (3-point scale) and liking (9-point scale). Non-invasive peripheral skin temperature (ST), heart rate (BPM), and facial expressions using FaceReader™ (FR) were assessed. Western-background participants showed similar heart rate (55–59 vs. 54–59) and temperature (0.6–1.5 °C difference) compared to Asian-background participants for images and chocolate samples. BPM (54–59) was not different among stimuli. Consumer emotions (images = −0.87 to 1.00 and chocolate = 0.27 to 0.60) and liking (chocolate = 5.20 to 6.33) were evaluated for both groups. For Asian-background participants, ST was positively correlated to FR-happy (r = 0.45) and negatively correlated to FR-angry (r = −0.23) and FR-sad (r = −0.20). For Western-background participants, ST was positively correlated to FR-sad (r = 0.23) and negatively correlated to FR-angry (r = −0.35). Cultural differences were found when assessing images based on sensory responses. These findings will be useful to better understand acceptability based on unconscious and emotional responses.

中文翻译:

图像和巧克力刺激影响消费者的生理和情感反应:一项跨文化研究

摘要 感官评价依赖于消费者的明确反应。无意识的反应可以补充有关消费者情绪状态的信息。在这项研究中,使用两组(亚洲和西方背景的参与者)评估了对不同视觉(图像)和巧克力刺激的生理、面部表情和感官/情感反应。小组成员(N = 60;60% 亚洲背景和 40% 西方背景)评估了 15 张图像(5 阳性/5 中性/5 阴性)和 4 个巧克力样品(牛奶/60%-可可/70%-可可/糖果夹杂物)。消费者评估他们的情绪(3 分制)和喜好(9 分制)。使用 FaceReader™ (FR) 评估了非侵入性外周皮肤温度 (ST)、心率 (BPM) 和面部表情。西方背景的参与者表现出相似的心率(55-59 vs. 54–59) 和温度(0.6–1.5 °C 差异)与亚洲背景参与者的图像和巧克力样品相比。BPM (54-59) 在刺激之间没有差异。评估两组的消费者情绪(图像 = -0.87 至 1.00 和巧克力 = 0.27 至 0.60)和喜好(巧克力 = 5.20 至 6.33)。对于亚洲背景的参与者,ST 与 FR-happy (r = 0.45) 呈正相关,与 FR-angry (r = -0.23) 和 FR-sad (r = -0.20) 呈负相关。对于西方背景的参与者,ST 与 FR-sad (r = 0.23) 正相关,与 FR-angry (r = -0.35) 负相关。在基于感官反应评估图像时发现了文化差异。这些发现将有助于更好地理解基于无意识和情绪反应的可接受性。5 °C 差异)与亚洲背景参与者的图像和巧克力样品相比。BPM (54-59) 在刺激之间没有差异。评估两组的消费者情绪(图像 = -0.87 至 1.00 和巧克力 = 0.27 至 0.60)和喜好(巧克力 = 5.20 至 6.33)。对于亚洲背景的参与者,ST 与 FR-happy (r = 0.45) 呈正相关,与 FR-angry (r = -0.23) 和 FR-sad (r = -0.20) 呈负相关。对于西方背景的参与者,ST 与 FR-sad (r = 0.23) 正相关,与 FR-angry (r = -0.35) 负相关。在基于感官反应评估图像时发现了文化差异。这些发现将有助于更好地理解基于无意识和情绪反应的可接受性。5 °C 差异)与亚洲背景参与者的图像和巧克力样品相比。BPM (54-59) 在刺激之间没有差异。评估两组的消费者情绪(图像 = -0.87 至 1.00 和巧克力 = 0.27 至 0.60)和喜好(巧克力 = 5.20 至 6.33)。对于亚洲背景的参与者,ST 与 FR-happy (r = 0.45) 呈正相关,与 FR-angry (r = -0.23) 和 FR-sad (r = -0.20) 呈负相关。对于西方背景的参与者,ST 与 FR-sad (r = 0.23) 正相关,与 FR-angry (r = -0.35) 负相关。在基于感官反应评估图像时发现了文化差异。这些发现将有助于更好地理解基于无意识和情绪反应的可接受性。BPM (54-59) 在刺激之间没有差异。评估两组的消费者情绪(图像 = -0.87 至 1.00 和巧克力 = 0.27 至 0.60)和喜好(巧克力 = 5.20 至 6.33)。对于亚洲背景的参与者,ST 与 FR-happy (r = 0.45) 呈正相关,与 FR-angry (r = -0.23) 和 FR-sad (r = -0.20) 呈负相关。对于西方背景的参与者,ST 与 FR-sad (r = 0.23) 呈正相关,与 FR-angry (r = -0.35) 呈负相关。在基于感官反应评估图像时发现了文化差异。这些发现将有助于更好地理解基于无意识和情绪反应的可接受性。BPM (54-59) 在刺激之间没有差异。评估两组的消费者情绪(图像 = -0.87 至 1.00 和巧克力 = 0.27 至 0.60)和喜好(巧克力 = 5.20 至 6.33)。对于亚洲背景的参与者,ST 与 FR-happy (r = 0.45) 呈正相关,与 FR-angry (r = -0.23) 和 FR-sad (r = -0.20) 呈负相关。对于西方背景的参与者,ST 与 FR-sad (r = 0.23) 呈正相关,与 FR-angry (r = -0.35) 呈负相关。在基于感官反应评估图像时发现了文化差异。这些发现将有助于更好地理解基于无意识和情绪反应的可接受性。对于亚洲背景的参与者,ST 与 FR-happy (r = 0.45) 呈正相关,与 FR-angry (r = -0.23) 和 FR-sad (r = -0.20) 呈负相关。对于西方背景的参与者,ST 与 FR-sad (r = 0.23) 正相关,与 FR-angry (r = -0.35) 负相关。在基于感官反应评估图像时发现了文化差异。这些发现将有助于更好地理解基于无意识和情绪反应的可接受性。对于亚洲背景的参与者,ST 与 FR-happy (r = 0.45) 呈正相关,与 FR-angry (r = -0.23) 和 FR-sad (r = -0.20) 呈负相关。对于西方背景的参与者,ST 与 FR-sad (r = 0.23) 呈正相关,与 FR-angry (r = -0.35) 呈负相关。在基于感官反应评估图像时发现了文化差异。这些发现将有助于更好地理解基于无意识和情绪反应的可接受性。
更新日期:2018-04-01
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