Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is one of the dominant technologies to tackle the global warming issue. The transport of CO₂ for geological storage may become economically feasible by ship when the storage site location is off-shore and installment of an off-shore pipeline requires a huge capital cost. Ship transportation requires the captured CO₂ to be in liquid phase under pressurized thermodynamic conditions. The injection of liquid CO₂ into the geological reservoir involves pressurization and heating in order to maintain the safe well head operating conditions. This study presents two alternative top side injection process designs that can reduce the power requirement compared to the base case design. The base case design and alternative designs are simulated using Aspen HYSYS^® in order to decide the process design variables. The results show that the well head temperature of 5 °C should be maintained to avoid any hydrate formation in the injection well or at the well outlet, while, utilizing the minimum amount of energy for the injection. The study employed two-stage rankine cycle in order to extract the cold energy available from the liquid CO₂ before its injection into the reservoir. The alternative designs also proposed to utilize a vapor return line in order to maintain the CO₂ vessel pressure within safe limits by performing a dynamic simulation. The results show that the alternative design 1 and alternative design 2 consume almost 28% and 27.9% less power compared to that of the base case design. The specific cost per unit ton of CO₂ injected for the three designs came out to be 0.75 $, 0.69 $ and 0.69 $ respectively. Finally, a sensitivity analysis has been done in order to investigate the effect of some important variables in the study.

碳捕集与封存（CCS）是解决全球变暖问题的主要技术之一。当存储地点位于离岸且离岸管道的安装需要巨大的资金成本时，用于地质存储的CO ₂的运输在船舶上在经济上可能变得可行。船舶运输需要在加压的热力学条件下将捕获的CO ₂设为液相。注入液态CO ₂进入地质储层需要进行加压和加热，以维持安全的井口作业条件。这项研究提出了两种替代性的顶侧注入工艺设计，与基础案例设计相比，它们可以降低功率需求。基本情况设计和替代设计使用阿斯HYSYS模拟^®，以决定该工艺设计变量。结果表明，应保持井口温度为5°C，以避免在注入井中或在井出口处形成任何水合物，同时利用最少的能量进行注入。该研究采用了两阶段朗肯循环，以便从液态CO _2中提取可用的冷能。在注入储层之前。替代设计还提出利用蒸气回流管线，以通过执行动态模拟来将CO ₂容器压力保持在安全极限内。结果表明，与基本案例设计相比，替代设计1和替代设计2的功耗分别降低了28％和27.9％。三种设计的每吨CO ₂注入的单位成本分别为0.75美元，0.69美元和0.69美元。最后，为了研究一些重要变量在研究中的作用，进行了敏感性分析。