Patients with macrophagic myofasciitis (MMF) present with diffuse arthromyalgias, chronic fatigue, and cognitive disorder. Representative features of MMF-associated cognitive dysfunction include attentional dysfunction, dysexecutive syndrome, visual memory deficit and left ear extinction. Our study aims to reevaluate the neuropsychological profile of MMF. 105 unselected consecutive MMF patients were subjected to a neuropsychological battery of screen short term and long-term memory, executive functions, attentional abilities, instrumental functions and dichotic listening. From these results, patients were classified in four different groups: Subsymptomatic patients (n = 41) with performance above pathological threshold (− 1.65 SD) in all tests; Fronto-subcortical patients (n = 31) who showed pathological results at executive functions and selective attention tests; Papezian patients (n = 24) who showed pathological results in storage, recognition and consolidation functions for episodic verbal memory, in addition to fronto-subcortical dysfunction; and Extinction patients (n = 9) who had a left ear extinction at dichotic listening test in association to fronto-subcortical and papezian dysfunction. In addition, inter-test analysis showed that patients with apparently normal cognitive functions (Subsymptomatic group) performed significantly worse to attention tests compared to others. In conclusion, our study shows that (i) most patients have specific cognitive deficits; (ii) all patients with cognitive deficit have impairment of executive functions and selective attention; (iii) patients without measurable cognitive deficits display significant weakness in attention; (iv) episodic memory impairment affects verbal, but not visual, memory; (v) none of the patients show an instrumental dysfunction.

巨噬性肌筋膜炎（MMF）患者表现为弥漫性关节痛，慢性疲劳和认知障碍。MMF相关的认知功能障碍的代表特征包括注意功能障碍，执行障碍综合症，视觉记忆障碍和左耳灭绝。我们的研究旨在重新评估MMF的神经心理学特征。105例未选择的连续MMF患者接受了一系列短期和长期记忆，执行功能，注意能力，工具功能和双耳听觉的神经心理学研究。根据这些结果，将患者分为四个不同的组：所有测试中表现均高于病理阈值（− 1.65 SD）的亚症状患者（n = 41）；额下皮层患者（n = 31）在执行功能和选择性注意测试中显示出病理结果；帕皮斯病患者（n = 24），除了额皮下功能障碍外，在发作性言语记忆的存储，识别和巩固功能方面表现出病理结果；和灭绝的病人（n = 9）的人因二尖瓣听觉测验而导致左耳消退，并伴有额下皮层功能和帕皮斯功能障碍。此外，测试间分析表明，具有明显正常认知功能的患者（亚症状组）与注意力测试相比，注意力测试的表现明显较差。总而言之，我们的研究表明：（i）大多数患者具有特定的认知缺陷；（ii）所有有认知缺陷的患者的执行功能和选择性注意力都受到损害；（iii）没有可测量的认知缺陷的患者在注意力方面表现出明显的弱点；（iv）情景记忆障碍影响言语记忆，但不影响视觉记忆；（v）没有患者显示出仪器功能障碍。