Aluminum (Al) is a neurotoxic associated with a number of chronic human diseases. We investigated the effects of Al exposure at doses similar to human dietary levels and at a high level exposure to Al on the peripheral nervous system. Wistar male rats were divided into two major groups and received orally: 1) First group – Low level - rats were subdivided and treated for 60 days: a) Control – received ultrapure water; b) AlCl₃ – received Al at 8.3 mg/kg body weight (bw) for 60 days; and 2) Second group – High level - rats were subdivided and treated for 42 days: C) Control – received ultrapure water through oral gavage; d) AlCl₃ – received Al at 100 mg/kg bw for 42 days. Von Frey hair test, plantar test, the presence of catalepsy and the spontaneous motor activity were investigated. Reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant capacity, immunohistochemistry to investigate the nerve inflammation and, the specific presence of Al in the sciatic nerve fibers were investigated. Al exposure at a representative human dietary level promotes the development of mechanical allodynia, catalepsy, increased inflammation in the sciatic nerve, systemic oxidative stress and, is able to be retained in the sciatic nerve. The effects of low-dose Al were similar to those found in rats exposed to Al at a dose much higher (100 mg/kg). Our findings suggest that Al may be considered toxic for the peripheral nervous system, thus inducing peripheral dysfunction.

铝（Al）是一种与多种慢性人类疾病相关的神经毒性物质。我们研究了在与人类饮食水平相似的剂量下以及在高水平的铝暴露下对周围神经系统的铝暴露的影响。Wistar雄性大鼠分为两个主要组并口服：1）第一组-低水平-将大鼠细分并治疗60天：a）对照-接受超纯水；b）AlCl _3-以8.3 mg / kg体重（bw）的Al摄入60天；和2）第二组-高水平-将大鼠细分并治疗42天：C）对照-通过管饲法接受超纯水；d）氯化铝₃–接受42天100 mg / kg bw的Al。冯弗雷头发测试，足底测试，僵住症的存在和自发的运动活动进行了调查。活性氧，脂质过氧化和总抗氧化能力，免疫组化研究神经炎症，以及坐骨神经纤维中Al的特定存在。铝在具有代表性的人类饮食水平上的暴露促进了机械性异常性疼痛的发作，僵直症，坐骨神经的炎症增加，系统性氧化应激，并且能够保留在坐骨神经中。低剂量铝的作用与以更高剂量（100毫克/千克）暴露于铝的大鼠相似。我们的发现表明，铝可能被认为对周围神经系统有毒，从而诱发了周围功能障碍。