Addition of particulate fillers to polymers is a well-practiced method for augmenting properties of polymers. If at least one dimension of the filler is below 100 nm, large enhancements in properties are observed at particle concentrations well below the percolation threshold for micron sized fillers. For fundamental reasons, physical mixtures of nanoparticles and engineering polymers are rarely stable. This introduces as fundamental challenges in creating composites with reproducible structure and physical properties. Here we review recent progress in synthesis and in understanding of interactions, structure, and properties of a family of single-component nanocomposites created by densely grafting polymers of low and intermediate molecular weights to nanostructures. Under favorable conditions, these materials form self-suspended suspensions in which tethered polymers simultaneously provide steric barriers to aggregation and stretch to satisfy space-filling constraints, producing homogeneous materials. The review considers the role of interparticle forces in driving hyperuniform structure and in correlating dynamics of self-suspended materials.

将粒状填料添加到聚合物中是提高聚合物性能的良好实践的方法。如果填料的至少一维尺寸小于100nm，则在远低于微米级填料的渗滤阈值的颗粒浓度下观察到性能的大幅提高。由于根本原因，纳米颗粒和工程聚合物的物理混合物很少稳定。这是创建具有可复制的结构和物理特性的复合材料的基本挑战。在这里，我们回顾了合成的最新进展，以及在通过将低分子量和中等分子量的聚合物紧密接枝到纳米结构上而形成的单组分纳米复合材料系列的相互作用，结构和性质的理解方面的最新进展。在有利的条件下，这些材料形成了自悬浮的悬浮液，其中，束缚的聚合物同时提供了空间聚集和拉伸的空间屏障，以满足空间填充的限制，从而生产出均质的材料。这篇综述考虑了粒子间力在驱动超均匀结构和关联自悬浮材料动力学方面的作用。