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Surgical Versus Percutaneous Coronary Revascularization in Patients With Diabetes and Acute Coronary Syndromes
Journal of the American College of Cardiology ( IF 21.7 ) Pub Date : 2017-12-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.10.029
Krishnan Ramanathan , James G. Abel , Julie E. Park , Anthony Fung , Verghese Mathew , Carolyn M. Taylor , G.B. John Mancini , Min Gao , Lillian Ding , Subodh Verma , Karin H. Humphries , Michael E. Farkouh

BACKGROUND Randomized trial data support the superiority of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery over percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in diabetic patients with multivessel coronary artery disease (MV-CAD). However, whether this benefit is seen in a real-world population among subjects with stable ischemic heart disease (SIHD) and acute coronary syndromes (ACS) is unknown. OBJECTIVES The main objective of this study was to assess the generalizability of the FREEDOM (Future REvascularization Evaluation in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: Optimal Management of Multi-vessel Disease) trial in real-world practice among patients with diabetes mellitus and MV-CAD in residents of British Columbia, Canada. Additionally, the study evaluated the impact of mode of revascularization (CABG vs. PCI with drug-eluting stents) in diabetic patients with ACS and MV-CAD. METHODS In a large population-based database from British Columbia, this study evaluated major cardiovascular outcomes in all diabetic patients who underwent coronary revascularization between 2007 and 2014 (n = 4,661, 2,947 patients with ACS). The primary endpoint (major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events [MACCE]) was a composite of all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and nonfatal stroke. The risk of MACCE with CABG or PCI was compared using multivariable adjustment and a propensity score model. RESULTS At 30-days post-revascularization, for ACS patients the odds ratio for MACCE favored CABG 0.49 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.34 to 0.71), whereas among SIHD patients MACCE was not affected by revascularization strategy (odds ratio: 1.46; 95% CI: 0.71 to 3.01; pinteraction <0.01). With a median follow-up of 3.3 years, the late (31-day to 5-year) benefit of CABG over PCI no longer varied by acuity of presentation, with a hazard ratio for MACCE in ACS patients of 0.67 (95% CI: 0.55 to 0.81) and the hazard ratio for SIHD patients of 0.55 (95% CI: 0.40 to 0.74; pinteraction = 0.28). CONCLUSIONS In diabetic patients with MV-CAD, CABG was associated with a lower rate of long-term MACCE relative to PCI for both ACS and SIHD. A well-powered randomized trial of CABG versus PCI in the ACS population is warranted because these patients have been largely excluded from prior trials.

中文翻译:

糖尿病和急性冠状动脉综合征患者的手术与经皮冠状动脉血运重建术对比

背景 随机试验数据支持冠状动脉旁路移植术 (CABG) 在糖尿病多支冠状动脉疾病 (MV-CAD) 患者中优于经皮冠状动脉介入术 (PCI)。然而,在稳定缺血性心脏病 (SIHD) 和急性冠状动脉综合征 (ACS) 受试者的真实世界人群中,是否能看到这种益处尚不清楚。目的 本研究的主要目的是评估 FREEDOM(糖尿病患者的未来血运重建评估:多血管疾病的最佳管理)试验在居民糖尿病和 MV-CAD 患者的实际实践中的普遍性加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省。此外,该研究评估了血运重建模式的影响(CABG vs. 具有药物洗脱支架的 PCI)用于患有 ACS 和 MV-CAD 的糖尿病患者。方法 在来自不列颠哥伦比亚省的一个基于人群的大型数据库中,本研究评估了 2007 年至 2014 年期间接受冠状动脉血运重建的所有糖尿病患者(n = 4,661,2,947 名 ACS 患者)的主要心血管结局。主要终点(主要不良心脏或脑血管事件 [MACCE])是全因死亡、非致死性心肌梗死和非致死性卒中的复合终点。使用多变量调整和倾向评分模型比较 MACCE 与 CABG 或 PCI 的风险。结果 在血运重建后 30 天,对于 ACS 患者,MACCE 的优势比支持 CABG 0.49(95% 置信区间 [CI]:0.34 至 0.71),而在 SIHD 患者中 MACCE 不受血运重建策略的影响(优势比:1.46 ; 95% 置信区间:0。71 至 3.01;互动 <0.01)。中位随访 3.3 年,CABG 较 PCI 的晚期(31 天至 5 年)获益不再因表现的敏锐度而变化,ACS 患者 MACCE 的风险比为 0.67(95% CI: 0.55 至 0.81)和 SIHD 患者的风险比为 0.55(95% CI:0.40 至 0.74;pinteraction = 0.28)。结论 在合并 MV-CAD 的糖尿病患者中,对于 ACS 和 SIHD,与 PCI 相比,CABG 与较低的长期 MACCE 发生率相关。在 ACS 人群中进行 CABG 与 PCI 的充分随机试验是有必要的,因为这些患者在很大程度上已被排除在先前的试验之外。67(95% CI:0.55 至 0.81),SIHD 患者的风险比为 0.55(95% CI:0.40 至 0.74;pinteraction = 0.28)。结论 在合并 MV-CAD 的糖尿病患者中,对于 ACS 和 SIHD,与 PCI 相比,CABG 与较低的长期 MACCE 发生率相关。有必要在 ACS 人群中进行 CABG 与 PCI 的充分随机试验,因为这些患者在很大程度上已被排除在先前的试验之外。67(95% CI:0.55 至 0.81),SIHD 患者的风险比为 0.55(95% CI:0.40 至 0.74;pinteraction = 0.28)。结论 在合并 MV-CAD 的糖尿病患者中,对于 ACS 和 SIHD,与 PCI 相比,CABG 与较低的长期 MACCE 发生率相关。在 ACS 人群中进行 CABG 与 PCI 的充分随机试验是有必要的,因为这些患者在很大程度上已被排除在先前的试验之外。
更新日期:2017-12-01
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