Recent regulatory approvals for the β-lactam inhibitor combinations of ceftazidime–avibactam and meropenem–vaborbactam have provided two novel therapeutic options for the treatment of multidrug-resistant infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria. Most importantly, these combination agents have satisfied an important medical need related to antibiotic-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae that produce serine carbapenemases, especially the Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) enzymes. Both combinations contain non-β-lactam β-lactamase inhibitors of novel chemical classes not previously developed as antibacterial agents, the diazabicyclooctanes and cyclic boronic acid derivatives. Their rapid development and approval programs have spurred a number of similar inhibitor combinations that will need to differentiate themselves for commercial success. Gaps still exist for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp., and metallo-β-lactamase-producing pathogens. Overall, the new β-lactamase inhibitor combinations have infused new life into the search for new antibacterial agents to treat multidrug-resistant bacteria.

中文翻译：

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改变游戏规则：针对革兰氏阴性细菌中抗生素耐药性的新型β-内酰胺酶抑制剂组合

头孢他啶-avibactam和美罗培南-vaborbactam的β-内酰胺抑制剂组合的最新监管批准为治疗由革兰氏阴性细菌引起的多药耐药性感染提供了两种新的治疗选择。最重要的是，这些组合剂已经满足了与产生丝氨酸碳青霉烯酶特别是肺炎克雷伯菌的抗生素抗药性肺炎克雷伯菌有关的重要医学需求。碳青霉烯酶（KPC）酶。两种组合都含有以前未开发为抗菌剂的新型化学类别的非β-内酰胺β-内酰胺酶抑制剂，二氮杂双环辛烷和环状硼酸衍生物。他们的快速开发和批准计划刺激了许多类似的抑制剂组合，这些组合必须脱颖而出才能获得商业成功。仍然存在缺口，用于治疗由多重耐药的铜绿假单胞菌，不动杆菌属和产生金属β-内酰胺酶的病原体引起的感染。总体而言，新的β-内酰胺酶抑制剂组合为寻找新的治疗多药耐药细菌的抗菌剂注入了新的活力。