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Catalytic Organic Reactions in Water toward Sustainable Society
Chemical Reviews ( IF 51.4 ) Pub Date : 2017-12-08 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00417
Taku Kitanosono 1 , Koichiro Masuda 1 , Pengyu Xu 1 , Shu̅ Kobayashi 1
Affiliation  

Traditional organic synthesis relies heavily on organic solvents for a multitude of tasks, including dissolving the components and facilitating chemical reactions, because many reagents and reactive species are incompatible or immiscible with water. Given that they are used in vast quantities as compared to reactants, solvents have been the focus of environmental concerns. Along with reducing the environmental impact of organic synthesis, the use of water as a reaction medium also benefits chemical processes by simplifying operations, allowing mild reaction conditions, and sometimes delivering unforeseen reactivities and selectivities. After the “watershed” in organic synthesis revealed the importance of water, the development of water-compatible catalysts has flourished, triggering a quantum leap in water-centered organic synthesis. Given that organic compounds are typically practically insoluble in water, simple extractive workup can readily separate a water-soluble homogeneous catalyst as an aqueous solution from a product that is soluble in organic solvents. In contrast, the use of heterogeneous catalysts facilitates catalyst recycling by allowing simple centrifugation and filtration methods to be used. This Review addresses advances over the past decade in catalytic reactions using water as a reaction medium.

中文翻译:

水中的有机催化对可持续社会的反应

传统的有机合成在许多任务上都严重依赖有机溶剂,包括溶解组分和促进化学反应,因为许多试剂和反应性物质与水不相容或不混溶。鉴于与反应物相比它们的使用量很大,溶剂已成为环境关注的焦点。除了减少有机合成对环境的影响外,将水用作反应介质还通过简化操作,允许温和的反应条件以及有时提供不可预见的反应性和选择性来使化学过程受益。在有机合成中的“分水岭”揭示了水的重要性之后,与水相容的催化剂的发展蓬勃发展,从而引发了以水为中心的有机合成的巨大飞跃。假定有机化合物通常实际上不溶于水,则简单的萃取后处理即可容易地将水溶性均相催化剂作为水溶液与可溶于有机溶剂的产品分离。相反,非均相催化剂的使用通过允许使用简单的离心和过滤方法而促进了催化剂的再循环。本综述探讨了过去十年中使用水作为反应介质的催化反应的进展。
更新日期:2017-12-08
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