Osteosarcoma is one of the first solid cancers for which a survival benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy was established [1, 2]. After decades of clinical research to improve on results obtained in the 1980s, the long-standing chemotherapy regimen of doxorubicin and cisplatin with or without methotrexate remains a standard treatment of osteosarcoma, resulting in a 5-year survival rate of more than 60% in patients with localized disease [3, 4]. In patients with metastatic osteosarcoma at diagnosis, or with distant disease relapse after treatment of localized disease, the long-term survival rate is <20%, and new therapies are much needed for this group of patients [5]. Neither the intensification of chemotherapy by adding ifosfamide and etoposide nor the use of muramyl tripeptide or traztuzumab has improved the survival of patients with metastatic osteosarcoma [6–8]. However, cure can be achieved in patients with metastatic osteosarcoma who undergo metastasectomy [5, 9].

中文翻译：

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骨肉瘤化疗的增量改善？

骨肉瘤是最早通过辅助化疗获得生存获益的实体癌之一[1，2]。经过数十年的临床研究以改善1980年代获得的结果，长期使用阿霉素和顺铂联合或不联合甲氨蝶呤的化疗方案仍然是骨肉瘤的标准治疗方法，患者的5年生存率超过60％局部疾病[3，4]。在诊断为转移性骨肉瘤或局部疾病治疗后远处复发的患者中，长期生存率<20％，该组患者急需新疗法[5]。通过添加异环磷酰胺和依托泊苷的化学疗法的强化，以及使用戊二酰三肽或妥拉妥珠单抗的治疗均未改善转移性骨肉瘤患者的生存率[6-8]。然而，转移性骨肉瘤转移治疗的患者可以治愈[5，9]。