Photonic band‐gap materials attract enormous attention as potential candidates for a steadily increasing variety of applications. Based on the preparation of easily scalable monodisperse colloids, such optically attractive photonic materials can be prepared by an inexpensive and convenient bottom‐up process. Artificial polymer opals can be prepared by shear‐induced assembly of core/shell particles, yielding reversibly stretch‐tunable materials with intriguing structural colors. This feature article highlights recent developments of core/shell particle design and shear‐induced opal formation with focus on the combination of hard and soft materials as well as crosslinking strategies. Structure formation of opal materials relies on both the tailored core/shell architecture and the parameters for polymer processing. The emphasis of this feature article is on elucidating the particle design and incorporation of addressable moieties, i.e., stimuli‐responsive polymers as well as elaborated crosslinking strategies for the preparation of smart (inverse) opal films, inorganic/organic opals, and ceramic precursors by shear‐induced ordering.

中文翻译：

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剪切诱导的量身定制的颗粒组装而成的功能性聚合物蛋白石和多孔材料

光子带隙材料吸引了巨大的关注，因为它是不断增加的各种应用的潜在候选者。在制备易于扩展的单分散胶体的基础上，可以通过廉价且方便的自下而上的工艺来制备这种光学上有吸引力的光子材料。可以通过剪切诱导的核/壳颗粒组装来制备人造聚合物蛋白石，从而产生具有令人感兴趣的结构颜色的可逆拉伸可调材料。这篇专题文章重点介绍了核/壳颗粒设计和剪切诱导蛋白石形成的最新进展，重点是硬质和软质材料的结合以及交联策略。蛋白石材料的结构形成既依赖于定制的核/壳结构，也依赖于聚合物加工的参数。