Simultaneous removal of selenate (SeO₄²⁻), nitrate (NO₃⁻) and sulfate (SO₄²⁻), typically present in Se-contaminated wastewaters, by Eerbeek anaerobic granular sludge, was investigated in batch and continuous bioreactor experiments. Batch experiments showed that SeO₄²⁻ removal was enhanced to 91% in simulated wastewater with SeO₄²⁻ + NO₃⁻ + SO₄²⁻ (1 : 40 : 100 SeO₄²⁻ : NO₃⁻ : SO₄²⁻ molar ratios) compared to simulated wastewater with SeO₄²⁻ alone (67%). SeO₄²⁻ removal was severely impacted by high concentrations of SO₄²⁻ (SeO₄²⁻ : SO₄²⁻ > 1 : 300). Removal of SeO₄²⁻, NO₃⁻ and SO₄²⁻ at a 1 : 40 : 100 ratio was studied in a 2 L lab-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor operated at 20 °C, a 24 h hydraulic retention time and a 2 g COD L⁻¹ day⁻¹ organic loading rate using lactate as the electron donor. The removal efficiencies were stabilized at 100, 30 and 80% for NO₃⁻, SO₄²⁻ and total Se, respectively, during 92 days of UASB operation. The total Se removal efficiencies dropped to 47% or even to a negative value when, respectively, SO₄²⁻ and NO₃⁻ were sequentially excluded from the influent. Speciation of Se, particularly the microbial production of colloidal Se⁰ levels, was influenced by both SO₄²⁻ and NO₃⁻. The results presented here demonstrate that UASB reactors are capable of removing SeO₄²⁻ in the presence of millimolar concentrations of NO₃⁻ and SO₄²⁻ typically found in Se-contaminated wastewaters.

中文翻译：

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硝酸盐和硫酸盐浓度升高对中温厌氧颗粒污泥床反应器去除硒酸盐的影响†

同时去除硒酸盐（SEO ₄ ^2- ），硝酸根（NO ₃ ^- ）和硫酸（SO ₄ ^2- ），通常存在于硒污染废水，通过Eerbeek厌氧颗粒污泥，在分批和连续生物反应器实验进行了研究。间歇实验表明的SeO ₄ ^2-去除率提高到91％模拟废水在与SEO ₄ ^2- + NO ₃ ^- + SO ₄ ^2-（1：40：100的SeO ₄ ^2-  ：NO ₃ ^-  ：SO ₄ ^2-摩尔比）与含SeO _4的模拟废水相比单独²⁻（67％）。高浓度的SO ₄ ^2-（SeO ₄ ^2-  ：SO ₄ ^2- > 1：300）严重影响了SeO ₄ ^2-的去除。搜索引擎优化去除₄ ^2-，NO ₃ ^-和SO ₄ ^2-以1：40：100的比例在2升的实验室规模的升流式厌氧污泥床进行了研究（UASB）反应器中在20℃，一个24小时的液压操作保留时间和使用乳酸作为电子给体的2 g COD L ^-1天^-1有机负载量。去除率在100，30和80％的稳定化NO ₃ ^-，SO ₄在UASB运行92天期间，分别获得^2-和总Se。总硒去除效率下降到47％，或甚至当分别SO负值₄ ^2-和NO ₃ ^-中依次从流入排除。硒，特别是微生物生产的胶体硒的形态⁰的水平，同时受影响SO ₄ ^2-和NO ₃ ^- 。这里给出的结果表明，UASB反应器能够去除的SEO ₄ ^2-中的NO的毫摩尔浓度的存在₃ ^-和SO ₄ ^2- 通常在被硒污染的废水中发现。