Self‐Assembly of Functionalized Oligothiophene into Hygroscopic Fibers: Fabrication of Highly Sensitive and Fast Humidity Sensors,Advanced Electronic Materials

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Self‐Assembly of Functionalized Oligothiophene into Hygroscopic Fibers: Fabrication of Highly Sensitive and Fast Humidity Sensors
Advanced Electronic Materials ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2017-12-04 , DOI: 10.1002/aelm.201700382
Marco A. Squillaci ₁ , Alessio Cipriani _{1,

2} , Manuela Melucci ₃ , Massimo Zambianchi ₃ , Grabriella Caminati ₂ , Paolo Samorì ₁

Affiliation

A new symmetric oligothiophene exposing tetraethylene glycol (TEG)‐based side‐chains is designed and synthesized. This molecule is found to self‐assemble in solution forming supramolecular fibers, via π–π stacking between the conjugated oligothiophene backbones, which are phase segregated on the sub‐nanometer scale from the TEG side‐groups. The delocalization of the charges through the oligothiophene π–π stack ensures efficient charge transport while the hygroscopic shell, decorating the surface of the fibrillar structures, determines a certain affinity for polar molecules. Upon exposure to humidity, under environmental conditions, such supramolecular architectures are capable of reversibly absorbing and desorbing water molecules. Absorption of water molecules, due to increased environmental humidity, causes a fast and reproducible increase of the electrical current through the fibers by a factor 100 from 15% to 90% relative humidity, as measured in 2‐terminal devices. Such process is extremely fast, taking place in less than 45 ms. The humidity‐responsive characteristics of the presented oligothiophene‐based fibers can be exploited for the facile fabrication of high‐performances and solution‐processable electrical resistive humidity sensors.

中文翻译：

功能化寡聚噻吩自组装到吸湿纤维中：高灵敏度和快速湿度传感器的制造。

设计并合成了一种新的基于四甘醇（TEG）的侧链暴露的对称寡聚噻吩。通过共轭的低聚噻吩骨架之间的π-π堆积，发现该分子在溶液中形成超分子纤维自组装，这些骨架从TEG侧基以亚纳米级进行相分离。通过低聚噻吩π-π堆栈进行的电荷离域可确保有效的电荷传输，而装饰纤维状结构表面的吸湿性壳层则对极性分子具有一定的亲和力。在环境条件下暴露于湿气时，这种超分子结构能够可逆地吸收和解吸水分子。由于环境湿度增加而吸收水分子，如在2端设备中测得的那样，会导致通过光纤的电流快速且可再现地增加，相对湿度从15％增至90％，增加了100倍。这种过程非常快，不到45毫秒即可完成。所提出的基于低聚噻吩的纤维的湿度响应特性可用于制造高性能和可溶液处理的电阻式湿度传感器。

更新日期：2017-12-04

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