The first heterogeneous carbonylation reaction carried out with palladium catalysts immobilised on phosphonium ion modified silica supports is reported. The supported ionic liquid phases were characterised by solid state NMR and FT-IR measurements. The presence of the phosphonium ions on the surface made it possible to carry out double carbonylation in apolar toluene efficiently that resulted in reduced metal leaching. The introduction of dicationic moieties on the solid support has been proved to lead to a further increase in catalyst stability. The catalysts were proved to produce α-ketoamide products with excellent selectivity in the carbonylation of iodoarenes with aliphatic amines while monocarbonylation was the only reaction observed with aniline derivatives. The catalysts could be recycled and used in at least 10 subsequent runs under optimised conditions.

报道了用固定在phospho离子改性的二氧化硅载体上的钯催化剂进行的第一次非均相羰基化反应。通过固态NMR和FT-IR测量来表征负载的离子液体相。表面上the离子的存在使得可以在非极性甲苯中有效地进行双羰基化，从而减少了金属的浸出。已经证明在固体载体上引入双阳离子部分会导致催化剂稳定性的进一步提高。事实证明，该催化剂可生产出在碘代芳烃与脂肪族胺的羰基化反应中具有极佳选择性的α-酮酰胺产品，而单羰基化是与苯胺衍生物一起观察到的唯一反应。