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A new wipe-sampling instrument for measuring the collection efficiency of trace explosives residues†
Analytical Methods ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2017-12-04 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7ay02694c Elizabeth L Robinson 1 , Edward Sisco 1 , Matthew E Staymates 1 , Jeffrey A Lawrence 1
Analytical Methods ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2017-12-04 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7ay02694c Elizabeth L Robinson 1 , Edward Sisco 1 , Matthew E Staymates 1 , Jeffrey A Lawrence 1
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Trace explosives detection, a crucial component of many security screening environments, commonly employs wipe-sampling. Since collection of an explosive residue is necessary for detection, it is important to have a thorough understanding of the parameters that affect the efficiency of collection. Current wipe-sampling evaluation techniques for explosive particles have their limits: manual sampling (with fingers or a wand) is limited in its ability to isolate a single parameter and the TL-slip/peel tester is limited to a linear sample path. A new wipe-sampling instrument, utilizing a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) 3D printer repurposed for its XYZ stage, was developed to address these limitations. This system allowed, for the first time, automated two-dimensional wipe-sampling patterns to be studied while keeping the force and speed of collection constant for the length of the sampling path. This new instrument is not only capable of investigating the same parameters as current technology (wipe materials, test surfaces, forces of collection, and linear sample patterns), it has added capabilities to investigate additional parameters such as directional wipe patterns (i.e. “L” and “U” shapes, square, and serpentine) and allowing for multiple lines to be sampled during a single collection without the need for adjustments by the user. In this work, parametric studies were completed using 1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) and the COTS 3D printer for wipe-sampling to establish collection efficiencies for numerous scenarios. Trace explosives detection in field screening environments could be greatly improved with the ability to comprehensively investigate how a wide range of parameters individually affect collection by wipe-sampling. A screener who knows how to properly interrogate any given surface will be much more efficient at detecting trace explosives.
中文翻译：
一种用于测量痕量爆炸物残留物收集效率的新型擦拭采样仪器†
痕量爆炸物检测是许多安全检查环境的重要组成部分，通常采用擦拭采样。由于收集爆炸残留物对于检测是必要的，因此彻底了解影响收集效率的参数非常重要。当前爆炸性颗粒的擦拭采样评估技术有其局限性：手动采样（用手指或棒）隔离单个参数的能力有限，并且 TL 滑移/剥离测试仪仅限于线性采样路径。为了解决这些限制，开发了一种新的擦拭采样仪器，该仪器利用商用现成 (COTS) 3D 打印机重新用于XYZ平台。该系统首次允许研究自动二维擦拭采样模式，同时在采样路径的长度内保持收集的力和速度恒定。这种新仪器不仅能够研究与当前技术相同的参数（擦拭材料、测试表面、收集力和线性样本图案），而且还增加了研究其他参数的功能，例如定向擦拭图案（即“ L ”）和“U”形、方形和蛇形），并允许在一次收集期间对多条线进行采样，而无需用户进行调整。在这项工作中，使用 1,3,5-三硝基过氢-1,3,5-三嗪 (RDX) 和用于擦拭采样的 COTS 3D 打印机完成了参数研究，以确定多种场景的收集效率。通过全面调查各种参数如何单独影响擦拭采样的收集，可以大大改善现场筛查环境中的痕量爆炸物检测。知道如何正确询问任何给定表面的筛查人员在检测痕量爆炸物方面会更加有效。
更新日期：2017-12-04
中文翻译：
一种用于测量痕量爆炸物残留物收集效率的新型擦拭采样仪器†
痕量爆炸物检测是许多安全检查环境的重要组成部分，通常采用擦拭采样。由于收集爆炸残留物对于检测是必要的，因此彻底了解影响收集效率的参数非常重要。当前爆炸性颗粒的擦拭采样评估技术有其局限性：手动采样（用手指或棒）隔离单个参数的能力有限，并且 TL 滑移/剥离测试仪仅限于线性采样路径。为了解决这些限制，开发了一种新的擦拭采样仪器，该仪器利用商用现成 (COTS) 3D 打印机重新用于XYZ平台。该系统首次允许研究自动二维擦拭采样模式，同时在采样路径的长度内保持收集的力和速度恒定。这种新仪器不仅能够研究与当前技术相同的参数（擦拭材料、测试表面、收集力和线性样本图案），而且还增加了研究其他参数的功能，例如定向擦拭图案（即“ L ”）和“U”形、方形和蛇形），并允许在一次收集期间对多条线进行采样，而无需用户进行调整。在这项工作中，使用 1,3,5-三硝基过氢-1,3,5-三嗪 (RDX) 和用于擦拭采样的 COTS 3D 打印机完成了参数研究，以确定多种场景的收集效率。通过全面调查各种参数如何单独影响擦拭采样的收集，可以大大改善现场筛查环境中的痕量爆炸物检测。知道如何正确询问任何给定表面的筛查人员在检测痕量爆炸物方面会更加有效。
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