The nonequilibrium ultracold bosonic quantum dynamics in finite optical lattices of unit filling following a linear interaction quench from a superfluid to a Mott insulator state and vice versa is investigated. The resulting dynamical response consists of various inter and intraband tunneling modes. We find that the competition between the quench rate and the interparticle repulsion leads to a resonant dynamical response, at moderate ramp times, being related to avoided crossings in the many-body eigenspectrum with varying interaction strength. Crossing the regime of weak to strong interactions several transport pathways are excited. The higher-band excitation dynamics is shown to obey an exponential decay possessing two distinct time scales with varying ramp time. Studying the crossover from shallow to deep lattices we find that for a diabatic quench the excited band fraction decreases, while approaching the adiabatic limit it exhibits a non-linear behavior for increasing height of the potential barrier. The inverse ramping process from strong to weak interactions leads to a melting of the Mott insulator and possesses negligible higher-band excitations which follow an exponential decay for decreasing quench rate. Finally, independently of the direction that the phase boundary is crossed, we observe a significant enhancement of the excited to higher-band fraction for increasing system size.

研究了从超流体到莫特绝缘子状态的线性相互作用淬灭以及反之亦然的单元填充的有限光学晶格中非平衡超冷玻色子量子动力学。所产生的动态响应包括各种带间和带内隧穿模式。我们发现，淬灭速率和粒子间排斥之间的竞争导致了共振动力学响应，在适度的斜坡时间，这与避免了具有变化的相互作用强度的多体本征谱中的交叉有关。穿越弱到强相互作用的状态，一些运输途径被激发。高频带激励动力学显示服从指数衰减，该指数衰减具有两个不同的时标，且具有变化的斜坡时间。研究从浅晶格到深晶格的交叉点，我们发现，对于非绝热淬灭，激发能级分数减小，而接近绝热极限时，它表现出非线性的行为，从而增大了势垒的高度。从强相互作用到弱相互作用的反斜坡过程导致莫特绝缘子熔化，并具有可忽略的较高频带激发，其跟随指数衰减以降低淬灭速率。最后，独立于相位边界越过的方向，我们观察到被激发到更高频带分数的显着增强，从而增大了系统尺寸。从强相互作用到弱相互作用的反斜坡过程导致莫特绝缘子熔化，并具有可忽略的较高频带激发，其跟随指数衰减以降低淬灭速率。最后，独立于相位边界越过的方向，我们观察到被激发到更高频带分数的显着增强，从而增大了系统尺寸。从强相互作用到弱相互作用的反斜坡过程导致莫特绝缘子熔化，并具有可忽略的较高频带激发，其跟随指数衰减以降低淬灭速率。最后，独立于相位边界越过的方向，我们观察到被激发到更高频带分数的显着增强，从而增大了系统尺寸。