Ocular neovascularization is a pathological sequel of multiple eye diseases. Based on the anatomical site into which the abnormal neovessels grow, ocular neovascularization can be categorized into corneal neovascularization, choroidal neovascularization, and retinal neovascularization. Each category is intractable, and may lead to blindness if not appropriately treated. However, the current therapeutic modalities, including laser photocoagulation, vitrectomy surgery, and anti-VEGF drugs, raise concerns due to limited efficacy, damage on retinal parenchyma and vasculature, and the patients' unresponsiveness to the treatments. Therefore, the in-depth study on pathogenesis of and the search for novel therapeutic targets to the ocular neovascularization are needed. During the last 10 years or so, a large number of literatures have emerged indicating a critical role of noncoding RNAs, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), in the pathogenesis and regulation of the ocular neovascularization. This review summarizes the current understanding of the biosynthesis and functions of the miRNAs and lncRNAs, the regulation of the miRNAs and lncRNAs in neovascular eye diseases, as well as the roles of these noncoding RNAs in the disease models of ocular neovascularization, in the hope that it could provide clues for the pathogenesis of and molecular targets to the ocular neovascularization.

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解码非编码RNA：微小RNA和长非编码RNA在眼新血管形成中的作用

眼新血管形成是多种眼部疾病的病理学后遗症。根据异常新血管生长的解剖部位，眼新血管形成可分为角膜新血管形成，脉络膜新血管形成和视网膜新血管形成。每种类别都是难治的，如果处理不当，可能会导致失明。但是，当前的治疗方法，包括激光光凝，玻璃体切除术和抗VEGF药物，由于疗效有限，对视网膜实质和血管系统的损害以及患者对治疗的反应迟钝而引起了人们的关注。因此，需要对眼新血管形成的发病机理进行深入研究并寻找新的治疗靶标。在过去的十年左右的时间里，大量文献表明非编码RNA，特别是微小RNA（miRNA）和长非编码RNA（lncRNA）在眼新血管形成的发病机理和调节中起着至关重要的作用。这篇综述总结了对miRNA和lncRNA的生物合成和功能，miRNA和lncRNA在新生血管眼疾病中的调控以及这些非编码RNA在眼新生血管疾病模型中的作用的当前理解。它可以为眼新血管形成的发病机理和分子靶标提供线索。