Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common pathogens of humans and animals, where it frequently colonizes skin and mucosal membranes. It is of major clinical importance as a nosocomial pathogen and causative agent of a wide array of diseases. Multidrug-resistant strains have become increasingly prevalent and represent a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. For this reason, novel strategies to combat multidrug-resistant pathogens are urgently needed. Bacteriophage-derived enzymes, so-called endolysins, and other peptidoglycan hydrolases with the ability to disrupt cell walls represent possible alternatives to conventional antibiotics. These lytic enzymes confer a high degree of host specificity and could potentially replace or be utilized in combination with antibiotics, with the aim to specifically treat infections caused by Gram-positive drug-resistant bacterial pathogens such as methicillin-resistant S. aureus. LysK is one of the best-characterized endolysins with activity against multiple staphylococcal species. Various approaches to further enhance the antibacterial efficacy and applicability of endolysins have been demonstrated. These approaches include the construction of recombinant endolysin derivatives and the development of novel delivery strategies for various applications, such as the production of endolysins in lactic acid bacteria and their conjugation to nanoparticles. These novel strategies are a major focus of this review.

中文翻译：

---

重组内溶素作为抗耐药性金黄色葡萄球菌的潜在疗法：研究现状和新型给药策略[综述]

金黄色葡萄球菌是人类和动物最常见的病原体之一，它经常在皮肤和粘膜上定殖。作为医院病原体和多种疾病的病原体，它具有重要的临床意义。多药耐药菌株已变得越来越普遍，并代表发病率和死亡率的主要原因。因此，迫切需要对抗多药耐药病原体的新策略。具有破坏细胞壁能力的噬菌体衍生的酶，即所谓的溶菌素和其他肽聚糖水解酶代表了常规抗生素的可能替代品。这些裂解酶具有高度的宿主特异性，可以潜在地替代抗生素或与抗生素联合使用，金黄色葡萄球菌。LysK是特征最丰富的溶血素，对多种葡萄球菌具有活性。已经证明了各种进一步增强内溶素的抗菌效力和适用性的方法。这些方法包括重组内溶素衍生物的构建和新的递送策略的开发，以用于各种应用，例如乳酸菌中内溶素的生产及其与纳米粒子的结合。这些新颖的策略是本综述的主要重点。