Most research cited throughout Pepper & Nettle's (P&N's) target article is correlational and suffers from a serious genetic confound that renders it of little evidentiary value. Of correlational findings that are not confounded, P&N ignore examples that contradict their model. Further, P&N's claim that evolutionary models explaining between-species differences in behaviour can be used to understand that corresponding individual differences lack any evidence.

中文翻译：

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遗传因素混淆了剥夺与其行为特征之间的联系

Pepper & Nettle (P&N) 的目标文章中引用的大多数研究都是相关的，并且受到严重的遗传混淆，使其几乎没有证据价值。在没有混淆的相关性发现中，P&N 忽略了与其模型相矛盾的示例。此外，P&N 声称解释物种间行为差异的进化模型可用于理解相应的个体差异缺乏任何证据。