Based on arguments from both philosophical and empirical aesthetics, we hereby propose that the enjoyment of negative emotions in art and fiction is distinct from the immediate pleasure deriving from sensory features, because it requires a conscious, intentional attitude toward the object. This attitude is linked with the compelling goal of providing a judgment of liking, beauty, perfection, or similar.

中文翻译：

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判断的冲动：为什么判断态度与负面情绪的审美享受有关

基于哲学和经验美学的论点，我们在此提出艺术和小说中负面情绪的享受不同于感官特征所带来的直接快乐，因为它需要对对象有意识的、有意识的态度。这种态度与提供喜欢、美丽、完美或类似判断的令人信服的目标相关联。