Cluster headache is a trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia characterised by extremely painful, strictly unilateral, short-lasting headache attacks accompanied by ipsilateral autonomic symptoms or the sense of restlessness and agitation, or both. The severity of the disorder has major effects on the patient's quality of life and, in some cases, might lead to suicidal ideation. Cluster headache is now thought to involve a synchronised abnormal activity in the hypothalamus, the trigeminovascular system, and the autonomic nervous system. The hypothalamus appears to play a fundamental role in the generation of a permissive state that allows the initiation of an episode, whereas the attacks are likely to require the involvement of the peripheral nervous system. Triptans are the most effective drugs to treat an acute cluster headache attack. Monoclonal antibodies against calcitonin gene-related peptide, a crucial neurotransmitter of the trigeminal system, are under investigation for the preventive treatment of cluster headache. These studies will increase our understanding of the disorder and perhaps reveal other therapeutic targets.

中文翻译：

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诊断，病理生理和丛集性头痛的管理。

丛集性头痛是一种三叉神经性自主性头痛，其特征是极度疼痛，严格的单侧持续时间短的头痛发作，并伴有同侧的自主神经症状或躁动不安和/或躁狂感。疾病的严重程度对患者的生活质量有重大影响，在某些情况下，可能会导致自杀意念。现在认为丛集性头痛涉及下丘脑，三叉神经血管系统和自主神经系统的同步异常活动。下丘脑似乎在允许状态发作的允许状态的产生中起基本作用，而发作很可能需要周围神经系统的参与。Triptans是治疗急性丛集性头痛发作的最有效药物。针对降钙素基因相关肽（三叉神经系统的关键神经递质）的单克隆抗体正在研究中，用于预防丛集性头痛。这些研究将增进我们对这种疾病的了解，并可能揭示其他治疗目标。