The high theoretical capacity and natural abundance of SiO₂ make it a promising high‐capacity anode material for lithium‐ion batteries. However, its widespread application is significantly hampered by the intrinsic poor electronic conductivity and drastic volume variation. Herein, a unique hollow structured Ni/SiO₂ nanocomposite constructed by ultrafine Ni nanoparticle (≈3 nm) functionalized SiO₂ nanosheets is designed. The Ni nanoparticles boost not only the electronic conductivity but also the electrochemical activity of SiO₂ effectively. Meanwhile, the hollow cavity provides sufficient free space to accommodate the volume change of SiO₂ during repeated lithiation/delithiation; the nanosheet building blocks reduce the diffusion lengths of lithium ions. Due to the synergistic effect between Ni and SiO₂, the Ni/SiO₂ composite delivers a high reversible capacity of 676 mA h g⁻¹ at 0.1 A g⁻¹. At a high current density of 10 A g⁻¹, a capacity of 337 mA h g⁻¹ can be retained after 1000 cycles.

中文翻译：

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超细镍-纳米颗粒-SiO2分层空心球，用于高性能锂存储

SiO ₂的高理论容量和自然丰度使其成为用于锂离子电池的有前途的高容量负极材料。然而，其固有的较差的电子电导率和急剧的体积变化极大地阻碍了它的广泛应用。本文中，设计了一种独特的中空结构的Ni / SiO ₂纳米复合材料，该复合材料由超细Ni纳米颗粒（≈3nm）官能化的SiO ₂纳米片构成。Ni纳米颗粒不仅有效地提高了SiO _2的电导率，而且还提高了其电化学活性。同时，中空空腔提供了足够的自由空间来容纳SiO ₂的体积变化在重复锂化/脱锂期间；纳米片构造块减少了锂离子的扩散长度。由于Ni和SiO ₂之间的协同作用，Ni / SiO ₂复合材料在0.1 A g ^-1时具有676 mA hg ^-1的高可逆容量。在10 A g ^-1的高电流密度下，经过1000次循环后，可以保留337 mA hg ^-1的容量。