Combination of Hybrid CVD and Cation Exchange for Upscaling Cs‐Substituted Mixed Cation Perovskite Solar Cells with High Efficiency and Stability,Advanced Functional Materials

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Combination of Hybrid CVD and Cation Exchange for Upscaling Cs‐Substituted Mixed Cation Perovskite Solar Cells with High Efficiency and Stability
Advanced Functional Materials ( IF 18.5 ) Pub Date : 2017-11-22 , DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201703835
Yan Jiang ₁ , Matthew R. Leyden ₁ , Longbin Qiu ₁ , Shenghao Wang ₁ , Luis K. Ono ₁ , Zhifang Wu ₁ , Emilio J. Juarez-Perez ₁ , Yabing Qi ₁

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Mixed cation hybrid perovskites such as Cs_xFA₁₋_xPbI₃ are promising materials for solar cell applications, due to their excellent photoelectronic properties and improved stability. Although power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) as high as 18.16% have been reported, devices are mostly processed by the anti‐solvent method, which is difficult for further scaling‐up. Here, a method to fabricate Cs_xFA₁₋_xPbI₃ by performing Cs cation exchange on hybrid chemical vapor deposition grown FAPbI₃ with the Cs⁺ ratio adjustable from 0 to 24% is reported. The champion perovskite module based on Cs_0.07FA_0.93PbI₃ with an active area of 12.0 cm² shows a module PCE of 14.6% and PCE loss/area of 0.17% cm⁻², demonstrating the significant advantage of this method toward scaling‐up. This in‐depth study shows that when the perovskite films prepared by this method contain 6.6% Cs⁺ in bulk and 15.0% at the surface, that is, Cs_0.07FA_0.93PbI₃, solar cell devices show not only significantly increased PCEs but also substantially improved stability, due to favorable energy level alignment with TiO₂ electron transport layer and spiro‐MeOTAD hole transport layer, increased grain size, and improved perovskite phase stability.

中文翻译：

混合CVD和阳离子交换相结合，可高效且稳定地升级Cs替代的混合阳离子钙钛矿太阳能电池

诸如Cs _x FA _1-_x PbI _3的混合阳离子杂化钙钛矿因其出色的光电性能和提高的稳定性而成为太阳能电池应用的有前途的材料。尽管据报道功率转换效率（PCE）高达18.16％，但设备大多采用反溶剂方法处理，因此难以进一步扩大规模。这里，为了制造铯的方法_X FA _1-_X碘化铅₃通过执行生长FAPbI上混合化学气相沉积铯阳离子交换₃与在Cs ⁺比率为0〜24％的报告可调节的。基于Cs _0.07的冠军钙钛矿模块FA _0.93 PbI ₃的有效面积为12.0 cm ^2，其模块PCE为14.6％，PCE损失/面积为0.17％cm ^-2，证明了该方法在放大规模方面的显着优势。这项深入的研究表明，当用这种方法制备的钙钛矿薄膜含有6.6％的Cs ⁺和表面的15.0％（即Cs _0.07 FA _0.93 PbI _3）时，太阳能电池器件不仅显示出显着增加的PCE，而且还显示出PCEs显着增加。由于与TiO ₂具有良好的能级对齐，因此大大提高了稳定性电子传输层和spiro-MeOTAD空穴传输层，增加了晶粒尺寸，并改善了钙钛矿相的稳定性。

更新日期：2017-11-22

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